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[Adrenergic beta-agonist intoxication].

Paulo Carrola1, Nuno Devesa, José Manuel Silva

  • 1Serviço de Medicina II, Hospitais da Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra.

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Summary
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Clenbuterol poisoning from contaminated cow liver caused severe symptoms in a father and daughter. Prompt medical treatment resolved the acute illness, highlighting the dangers of illegal growth promoters in food animals.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Pharmacology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Clenbuterol, a beta-adrenergic agonist, is used in veterinary medicine but illegally as a growth promoter.
  • Illicit use of clenbuterol can lead to human poisoning through contaminated food products.

Observation:

  • Two patients (father and daughter) presented to the emergency department with symptoms including tremors, anxiety, palpitations, nausea, headaches, and dizziness.
  • Clinical findings included leukocytosis, hypokalemia, and hyperglycemia.
  • Symptoms began two hours after consuming cow liver.

Findings:

  • Serum analysis confirmed the presence of clenbuterol in both patients (65 µg/ml in father, 58 µg/ml in daughter).
  • The cow liver contained 1.42 mg/kg of clenbuterol.
  • Intravenous potassium and propranolol treatment led to symptom resolution.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the potential public health risk associated with the illegal use of clenbuterol in livestock.
  • Medical professionals, especially in emergency settings, should be aware of clenbuterol poisoning symptoms and diagnostic methods.
  • Contaminated food sources pose a significant risk for accidental clenbuterol intoxication.