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Related Concept Videos

Preventive Healthcare Services01:30

Preventive Healthcare Services

Preventive healthcare services keep people healthy via frequent check-ups, screening, and counseling. They primarily aid in disease prevention rather than treating an acute or chronic illness. Preventive treatment also keeps individuals productive and energetic, allowing them to work well into their retirement years. Examples of preventive care services include:
Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention01:26

Levels of Health Promotion and Illness Prevention

Health promotion allows a person to control the determinants of health, resulting in an improved health status. It enhances the quality of life and reduces premature deaths. Health promotion and illness prevention programs help people make beneficial choices to reduce the risk of disease and disabilities. There are three health promotion and illness prevention levels: primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.
In primary prevention, actions taken before disease onset prevent the disease from...
Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
Standard Precaution01:26

Standard Precaution

Standard precautions are the minimum infection control safeguards used while caring for all patients, irrespective of their disease condition. They help prevent the spread of common infectious microorganisms to healthcare workers, patients, and visitors in all healthcare settings.
Hand hygiene is the most crucial means to prevent the transmission of disease. Employers are legally required to provide their workers with personal protective equipment (PPE) to minimize exposure or contact with...
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures

Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
04:22

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

Treatment-for-prevention: clinical considerations.

Shahin Lockman1, Paul Sax

  • 1Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. slockman@hsph.harvard.edu

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS
|January 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Antiretroviral treatment (ART) significantly reduces HIV transmission and may improve patient outcomes. However, more research is needed on adherence, drug resistance, and long-term effects of early ART initiation for HIV prevention.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
04:22

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Antiretroviral treatment (ART) is proven to reduce HIV-1 transmission.
  • Emerging evidence suggests early ART initiation may improve outcomes in patients with high CD4 counts.
  • ART regimens are increasingly safe, well-tolerated, and effective.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss clinical implications of using ART as prevention in patients with high CD4 counts.
  • To evaluate the balance between clinical benefits and toxicities of early ART.
  • To examine adherence, drug resistance, and risk compensation associated with this strategy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies on ART for HIV prevention.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data and observational studies.
  • Synthesis of evidence regarding treatment benefits, risks, and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • ART markedly reduces heterosexual HIV-1 transmission for patients with CD4 < 550 cells/μl.
  • Early ART initiation may mitigate immune activation and reduce non-HIV-related disease risk.
  • Concerns exist regarding acceptability, adherence, and potential drug resistance with 'treatment for prevention'.

Conclusions:

  • Earlier ART initiation may offer clinical advantages and improved patient outcomes.
  • High-quality data are needed on acceptability, adherence, and clinical outcomes of ART for prevention in high CD4 count patients.
  • Further research must address risk compensation and the emergence/spread of drug resistance.