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Metal MEMS Tools for Beating-heart Tissue Approximation.

Evan J Butler1, Chris Folk, Adam Cohen

  • 1Cardiovascular Surgery, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston MA 02115 USA.

IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation : ICRA : [Proceedings]. IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation
|January 10, 2012
PubMed
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This study introduces a novel robotic technique for heart atrial septal defect closure, aiming for surgical efficacy with reduced invasiveness. The integrated approach utilizes a concentric tube robot and a MEMS-fabricated device for beating-heart procedures.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Robotics
  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Closing abnormal communication between heart atria (atrial septal defects) traditionally requires open-heart surgery.
  • Minimally invasive catheter-based procedures on a beating heart offer reduced risk but may lack the efficacy of surgical closure.
  • An integrated design approach for robotic systems, surgical tools, and procedures is crucial for advancing medical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a robotic technique for percutaneous closure of atrial septal defects.
  • To achieve the efficacy of surgical closure while minimizing the risks associated with open-heart surgery.
  • To integrate robotic manipulation with a novel tissue approximation device for beating-heart procedures.

Main Methods:

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  • A concentric tube robot was employed for percutaneous access to the right atrium.
  • A novel tissue approximation device, fabricated using metal Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) processes, was developed.
  • The device was designed to be compatible with the robotic system's manipulation capabilities and mimic surgical suture closure.

Main Results:

  • The study demonstrated the feasibility of the integrated robotic approach.
  • Manual in-vivo deployment confirmed the efficacy of the tissue approximation device.
  • Bench-top robotic deployment validated the system's performance for atrial defect closure.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed integrated robotic technique offers a promising solution for minimally invasive atrial septal defect closure.
  • The developed MEMS-based device, coupled with the concentric tube robot, shows potential for replicating surgical closure efficacy.
  • This approach could significantly reduce patient trauma and recovery time compared to traditional open-heart surgery.