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Updated: May 26, 2026

Smartphone Fundus Photography
Published on: July 6, 2017
Reflex-free digital fundus photography using a simple and portable camera adaptor system. A viable alternative
Chris G Pirie1, Stefano Pizzirani
1Department of Clinical Sciences, Tufts Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA. chris.pirie@tufts.edu
Purpose:
To describe a digital single lens reflex (dSLR) camera adaptor for posterior segment photography.
Method:
A total of 30 normal canine and feline animals were imaged using a dSLR adaptor which mounts between a dSLR camera body and lens. Posterior segment viewing and imaging was performed with the aid of an indirect lens ranging from 28-90D. Coaxial illumination for viewing was provided by a single white light emitting diode (LED) within the adaptor, while illumination during exposure was provided by the pop-up flash or an accessory flash. Corneal and/or lens reflections were reduced using a pair of linear polarizers, having their azimuths perpendicular to one another.
Results:
Quality high-resolution, reflection-free, digital images of the retina were obtained. Subjective image evaluation demonstrated the same amount of detail, as compared to a conventional fundus camera. A wide range of magnification(s) [1.2-4X] and/or field(s) of view [31-95 degrees, horizontal] were obtained by altering the indirect lens utilized.
Conclusion:
The described adaptor may provide an alternative to existing fundus camera systems. Quality images were obtained and the adapter proved to be versatile, portable and of low cost.

