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Related Concept Videos

Synesthesia01:27

Synesthesia

Synesthesia is a remarkable condition where stimulation of one sensory or cognitive pathway leads to automatic, involuntary experiences in a second sensory or cognitive pathway. People with synesthesia experience a blending or crossing of their senses, such as sight and sound, leading to cross-modal sensations. In this condition, the stimulation of one sense, such as hearing a number or musical note, triggers an experience of another sense, like sensing a specific color, taste, or smell. People...
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Sensory receptors are specialized neurons that respond to specific types of external stimuli, initiating the process known as sensation. This occurs when sensory input, such as light entering the eye, is detected by these receptors, causing chemical changes in the cells of the retina. These cells then convert the sensory stimulus into action potentials that are transmitted to the central nervous system, a process termed transduction.
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A synapse is a specialized structure where two neurons connect, allowing them to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron. It is the point of communication between neurons. The term "synapse" is derived from the Greek word "synapsis," which means "conjunction." The entire process of neural communication revolves around the synapse. When activated, a neuron releases chemicals known as neurotransmitters into the synapse. These neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind to...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color
10:27

Training Synesthetic Letter-color Associations by Reading in Color

Published on: February 20, 2014

Redefining synaesthesia?

Roi Cohen Kadosh1, Devin B Terhune

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, UK. roi.cohenkadosh@psy.ox.ac.uk

British Journal of Psychology (London, England : 1953)
|January 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study examines synesthesia, challenging assumptions about its sensory-perceptual nature and diagnostic consistency. It proposes a broader definition of synesthesia as neurological hyper-association to include its diverse variants.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology

Background:

  • Synesthesia is often viewed narrowly as a sensory-perceptual phenomenon.
  • Current diagnostic standards for synesthesia, like consistency of inducer-concurrent pairs, are debated.
  • The heterogeneity of synesthetic experiences is not always fully acknowledged.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically evaluate existing assumptions about synesthesia.
  • To propose a more inclusive working definition of synesthesia.
  • To supplement and challenge Simner's (2012) critique and proposed definition.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of existing literature on synesthesia.
  • Critique of established assumptions regarding synesthetic experiences.
  • Development of a revised theoretical framework for understanding synesthesia.

Main Results:

  • Identified limitations in the traditional view of synesthesia as solely sensory-perceptual.
  • Questioned the exclusive reliance on consistency for synesthesia diagnosis.
  • Proposed a definition of synesthesia as a neurological hyper-association.

Conclusions:

  • A broader, more inclusive definition of synesthesia is necessary to account for its variants.
  • The concept of neurological hyper-association offers a more comprehensive framework.
  • Further research should explore the heterogeneity of synesthesia beyond traditional markers.