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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance

Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the goblet,...

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...

Adult Stem Cells

Adult Stem Cells

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously renew...

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their access...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Discovery of Driver Genes in Colorectal HT29-derived Cancer Stem-Like Tumorspheres

Discovery of Driver Genes in Colorectal HT29-derived Cancer Stem-Like Tumorspheres

Published on: July 22, 2020

Colorectal cancer stem cells.

Aristides G Vaiopoulos¹, Ioannis D Kostakis, Michael Koutsilieris

¹Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.

Stem Cells (Dayton, Ohio)

|January 11, 2012

Summary

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is driven by genetic changes, with cancer stem cells (CSCs) potentially playing a key role in tumor initiation and relapse. Targeting CSCs offers a promising strategy to improve CRC treatment outcomes.

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Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Discovery of Driver Genes in Colorectal HT29-derived Cancer Stem-Like Tumorspheres

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Published on: July 22, 2020

Isolation and Characterization of a Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Subpopulation Having Stem Cell Characteristics

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A Three-dimensional Model of Spheroids to Study Colon Cancer Stem Cells

A Three-dimensional Model of Spheroids to Study Colon Cancer Stem Cells

Published on: January 22, 2021

Area of Science:

Oncology
Gastroenterology
Molecular Biology

Background:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally.
Colorectal carcinogenesis involves complex genetic and epigenetic alterations.
Key unanswered questions in CRC include the cell of origin and tumor-propagating cells.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the cancer stem cell (CSC) model in colorectal cancer.
To discuss current CSC identification markers and their limitations.
To explore therapeutic strategies targeting CSCs for improved CRC treatment.

Main Methods:

Literature review of colorectal cancer carcinogenesis models.
Analysis of molecular pathways (e.g., Wnt, Notch) involved in CRC.
Discussion of CSC markers and their role in tumor biology.

Main Results:

The CSC model proposes a hierarchical tumor organization where only CSCs drive cancer growth.
CSCs are implicated in tumor recurrence due to resistance to conventional therapies.
Effective CSC identification remains challenging due to a lack of specific markers.

Conclusions:

The CSC model provides a framework for understanding CRC initiation and progression.
Targeting CSCs is a rational approach to overcome therapeutic resistance and reduce CRC relapse.
Further research into CSC markers and targeted therapies is crucial for advancing CRC treatment.