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Functional brain activation differences in school-age children with speech sound errors: speech and print processing.

Jonathan L Preston¹, Susan Felsenfeld, Stephen J Frost

¹Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT, USA. preston@haskins.yale.edu

Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research : JSLHR

|January 11, 2012

Summary

Children with speech sound errors (SSE) show different brain activity when processing spoken and printed language. They exhibit altered activation patterns in key language processing regions compared to typically developing peers.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology
Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

Speech sound errors (SSE) affect language development and may involve atypical neural processing.
Understanding the neural basis of language in children with SSE is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the neural responses to spoken and printed language in children with SSE.
To compare brain activation patterns between children with SSE and typically developing controls.

Main Methods:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to assess brain activity.
Participants included 17 children with SSE and 17 matched controls, aged 8.5 to 10.8 years.
Auditory and visual processing of words and pseudowords were analyzed.

Main Results:

Children with SSE showed reduced activation in the left middle temporal gyrus during spoken word processing.
Increased activation was observed in the SSE group in regions like the left superior temporal gyrus, insula, and parietal areas for spoken words.
Both children with SSE and controls showed increased activation in bilateral fusiform and anterior cingulate regions for printed words, with some differences in patterns.

Conclusions:

Children with SSE may depend more on dorsal speech perception pathways and less on ventral pathways.
Distinct neural activation patterns in both speech and print processing suggest differences in attentional resource allocation or task-induced deactivation in children with SSE.