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Response Conversion for improving comparability of International Physical Activity data.

Marijke Hopman-Rock1, Elise Dusseldorp, Astrid Chorus

  • 1Dept of Prevention and Healthcare, TNO Quality of Life, Leiden, Netherlands.

Journal of Physical Activity & Health
|January 11, 2012
PubMed
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Response Conversion (RC) using Item Response Theory (IRT) can improve physical activity (PA) comparisons across countries. However, cultural bias in common items like the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) hinders accurate cross-national PA measurement.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Biostatistics

Background:

  • Numerous physical activity (PA) questionnaires exist, creating challenges in comparing research outcomes.
  • Standardization is needed for reliable cross-national physical activity assessments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a common physical activity scale using Response Conversion (RC) based on Item Response Theory (IRT).
  • To assess the feasibility of comparing physical activity levels across 8 European countries.
  • To identify cultural biases in physical activity measurement instruments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Item Response Theory (IRT) and Response Conversion (RC) to create a unidimensional physical activity scale.
  • Administered the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and country-specific questions to random samples in 8 European countries.

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  • Employed principal component analysis to assess the appropriateness of IRT and Differential Item Functioning (DIF) to detect cultural bias.

    • Main Results:

    • IRT analysis yielded a common PA scale with good fit and face validity.
    • Principal component analysis supported the unidimensionality assumption for IRT.
    • Significant cultural bias (DIF) was detected in all IPAQ items, limiting cross-country comparisons.

    Conclusions:

    • Response Conversion (RC) shows potential for enhancing physical activity data comparability.
    • Culturally invariant items are crucial for the successful application of RC in physical activity research.
    • Future efforts should focus on developing or utilizing more culturally invariant measures, such as accelerometer data, for international comparisons.