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Updated: May 26, 2026

A Model for Encephalomyosynangiosis Treatment after Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion-Induced Stroke in Mice
Published on: June 22, 2022
Evidence for epistatic gene interactions between growth factor genes in stroke outcome
1Departamento Promoção da Saúde e Doenças Crónicas, Instituto Nacional de Saúde Dr. Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Lisbon, Portugal.
Background And Purpose:
Growth factors are thought to modulate neurological function in stroke recovery through effects in angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and neuroprotection.
Methods:
We tested the association of variants in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) genes, and epistatic interactions between them, with functional outcome in a sample of 546 stroke patients.
Results:
While none of the tested genes was independently associated with stroke outcome, two significant gene-gene interaction models were identified. One model combined one BDNF and three FGF2 markers, with a global odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) of 4.15 [2.86-6.04]. The second model included one FGF2 and two VEGFA markers with a global OR [95% CI] = 2.54 [1.76-3.67].
Conclusions:
The results provide evidence for gene interactions in stroke outcome, highlighting the complexity of the recovery mechanisms after a stroke event.
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