The influence of tissue oxygen and perfusion on wound healing

The availability of oxygen (O2) to cells in the wound area and the presence of adequate blood flow are important factors to the healing process. Oxygen plays a critical role in the formation of collagen, the growth of new capillaries, and the control of infection. Perfusion and delivery of O2 to tissue are closely related. Although an adequate blood flow does not guarantee a sufficient supply of O2, without it the provision of O2 to healing tissues will be impaired. Basic scientific studies have clarified how O2 and blood flow influence healing. Recent research has focused on clinical populations and begins to provide direction for additional clinical studies and interventions to support the healing process. Based on existing research, clinical interventions aimed to maintain perfusion and supply of O2 include fluid volume assessments, pulmonary hygiene regimens, postoperative position changes, and ambulation.