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Updated: May 25, 2026
An Improved Mechanical Testing Method to Assess Bone-implant Anchorage
Published on: February 10, 2014
Biomechanical and bone histomorphological evaluation of two surfaces on tapered and cylindrical root form implants:
Bruno Negri1, José Luis Calvo-Guirado, José Eduardo Maté Sánchez de Val
1Collaborator professor of Master in Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; senior lecturer in General and Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; associate professor in Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain; senior lecturer of Farmacological Interactions, Faculty of Dentristry, University of Granada, Granada, Spain; lecturer in General Veterinary, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain.
Purpose:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the early bone response of tapered and cylindrical root form implants with two different surface treatments in fresh extraction sockets after 4 and 8 weeks.
Materials And Methods:
Surface treatments and implant design comprised (n = 9 each): tapered with dual acid-etched surface; tapered with dual acid-etched and sandblasted surface (T DAE SB); cylindrical with dual acid-etched surface (C DAE); and cylindrical with dual acid-etched and sandblasted surface (C DAE SB). Implants were placed in the distal sockets of mandibular premolars (2 P2, 3 P3, 4 P4 ) of six beagle dogs, remaining in vivo for 4 and 8 weeks. After sacrifice, the implants were subjected to torque to the point of interface fracture and subsequently nondecalcified for histomorphological study. Statistical analysis was performed by a General Linear Model (GLM) analysis of variance model with a significance level of 5%.
Results:
Torque to interface fracture was significantly greater for the C DAE SB group than for the other groups (p < .001). Histomorphological analysis showed woven bone formation around all implant surfaces at 4 weeks and its replacement by lamellar bone at 8 weeks. Study time (4 or 8 weeks) did not affect torque measures.
Conclusions:
The double acid-etched and sandblasted sample surface increased early bone biomechanical fixation of both cylindrical and tapered root form implants. The cylindrical root form implants showed higher torque to interface fracture values when compared with the tapered root form implants. The C DAE SB surface group showed the highest biomechanical fixation values (p < .001).
