Type IV hypersensitivity to a textured silicone breast implant

We present a case of hypersensitivity to a breast implant in a 57-year old female with breast cancer and hypersensitivity to adhesive dressings. A mastectomy, axillary node clearance, latissimus dorsi flap and silicone implant-based reconstruction were performed. The mammary wound dehisced within three weeks and the implant required removal. No pus was present, and cultures were negative. Three years later, a further silicone implant was inserted. Within three weeks from insertion, the patient required readmission with serous discharge from the wound, flu-like symptoms, low-grade pyrexia and painful swelling at the operative site. The implant was removed. Capsule biopsies demonstrated a large lymphoid cell reaction, in keeping with a delayed hypersensitivity reaction. Patch testing to samples of the implant was positive.