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Related Concept Videos

Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
Improving Translational Accuracy02:07

Improving Translational Accuracy

Base complementarity between the three base pairs of mRNA codon and the tRNA anticodon is not a failsafe mechanism. Inaccuracies can range from a single mismatch to no correct base pairing at all. The free energy difference between the correct and nearly correct base pairs can be as small as 3 kcal/ mol. With complementarity being the only proofreading step, the estimated error frequency would be one wrong amino acid in every 100 amino acids incorporated. However, error frequencies observed in...
Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
Cotranslational Protein Translocation01:20

Cotranslational Protein Translocation

Translocation of proteins across membranes is an ancient process that occurs even in bacteria and archaebacteria. In fact, the components of the translocation machinery are still conserved between prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
Sec61 channel partners for cotranslational translocation
During cotranslational translocation, the Sec61 channel partners with the signal recognition particle (SRP), the signal recognition particle receptor (SR), and the ribosomes to transport the nascent polypeptide chain...
Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique helps...
Leaky Scanning02:28

Leaky Scanning

During most eukaryotic translation processes, the small 40S ribosome subunit scans an mRNA from its 5' end until it encounters the first start AUG codon. The large 60S ribosomal subunit then joins the smaller one to initiate protein synthesis. The location of the translation initiation is largely determined by the nucleotides near the start codon as there may be multiple translation initiation sites present on the mRNA.  Marilyn Kozak discovered that the sequence RCCAUGG (where R stands for...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Global Identification of Co-Translational Interaction Networks by Selective Ribosome Profiling
06:58

Global Identification of Co-Translational Interaction Networks by Selective Ribosome Profiling

Published on: October 7, 2021

Translational informatics: an industry perspective.

Michael N Cantor1

  • 1Pfizer, Inc, New York, NY 10017, USA. michael.cantor@pfizer.com

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA
|January 13, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Translational informatics (TI) is crucial for pharmaceutical development, aiding regulatory approval and medication delivery. Investing in TI tools and early integration of translational issues is key to advancing drug development and improving patient health outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Informatics
  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Translational Medicine

Background:

  • Increasing regulatory standards necessitate advanced tools for pharmaceutical development.
  • Translational informatics (TI) plays a pivotal role in bridging research and clinical application.
  • The pharmaceutical industry faces growing pressure to expedite drug approval and enhance medication efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the critical role of translational informatics (TI) across key stages of the drug development lifecycle.
  • To identify specific areas within drug development where TI can significantly impact progress.
  • To emphasize the need for strategic investment and prioritization of TI in pharmaceutical research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature and case studies on translational informatics applications.
  • Analysis of the drug development process, highlighting informatics integration points.
  • Examination of tools and strategies employed by precompetitive consortia.

Main Results:

  • TI significantly impacts drug development from precompetitive research to clinical decision support.
  • Standardized clinical data collection and effective medication delivery are enhanced by TI.
  • Investment in novel TI tools and algorithms is essential for progress.

Conclusions:

  • Advancing TI requires dedicated investment in tools, algorithms, and early integration of translational considerations.
  • Prioritizing TI in funding and publication decisions will accelerate pharmaceutical innovation.
  • Collaboration towards the shared goal of improving health is paramount, regardless of the origin of TI tools.