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MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...

MicroRNAs

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...

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Updated: May 25, 2026

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

Published on: September 8, 2015

Changes in circulating microRNA levels associated with prostate cancer.

R J Bryant¹, T Pawlowski, J W F Catto

¹Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

British Journal of Cancer

|January 14, 2012

Summary

Circulating microRNAs (miRs) show potential as biomarkers for prostate cancer diagnosis and staging. Analyzing miRs in body fluids like plasma and urine could aid in identifying and staging this disease.

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miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

miRNA Expression Analyses in Prostate Cancer Clinical Tissues

Published on: September 8, 2015

MicroRNA Detection in Prostate Tumors by Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR)

MicroRNA Detection in Prostate Tumors by Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR)

Published on: May 16, 2012

Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients

Sequencing Small Non-coding RNA from Formalin-fixed Tissues and Serum-derived Exosomes from Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer Patients

Published on: November 19, 2019

Area of Science:

Oncology
Molecular Biology
Biomarker Discovery

Background:

Prostate cancer diagnosis and staging remain critical challenges.
Identifying reliable biomarkers is essential for improved patient outcomes.
Circulating microRNAs (miRs) are emerging as potential diagnostic and prognostic indicators.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the utility of circulating microRNAs (miRs) as biomarkers for prostate cancer.
To assess the diagnostic, staging, and predictive value of miRs in prostate cancer.
To explore miR expression patterns in various body fluids of prostate cancer patients.

Main Methods:

Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of 742 miRs.
Utilized plasma-derived circulating microvesicles from 78 prostate cancer patients and 28 controls.
Analyzed miRs in serum-derived exosomes and microvesicles, as well as urine samples.

Main Results:

Twelve miRs were differentially quantified between prostate cancer patients and controls.
Eleven miRs were significantly elevated in metastatic prostate cancer patients compared to non-metastatic patients.
Specific miRs (e.g., miR-107, miR-574-3p) were found at higher concentrations in the urine of prostate cancer patients.

Conclusions:

Changes in circulating microRNA concentrations can be detected in various body fluids of prostate cancer patients.
Circulating miRs demonstrate potential for the diagnosis and staging of prostate cancer.
Further research into circulating miRs may lead to novel diagnostic and prognostic tools for prostate cancer.