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The Terroir Concept Interpreted through Grape Berry Metabolomics and Transcriptomics
Published on: October 5, 2016
Recovery from water stress affects grape leaf petiole transcriptome.
Irene Perrone1, Chiara Pagliarani, Claudio Lovisolo
1Dipartimento di Colture Arboree, University of Torino, Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco, TO, Italy.
Grapevine plants recovering from water stress show complex gene expression changes, particularly in secondary metabolism and sugar transport. Increased abscisic acid (ABA) levels signal these recovery responses, especially under high transpiration.
Area of Science:
- Plant Physiology
- Molecular Biology
- Plant Stress Response
Background:
- Plant adaptation to changing climates relies on efficient recovery from water stress.
- Grapevine leaf petioles are critical sites for embolism repair and metabolic adjustments during rehydration.
- Understanding transcriptomic changes during recovery is crucial for grapevine resilience.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze transcriptomic responses during grapevine rehydration after water stress.
- To compare gene expression under high and low transpiration conditions during recovery.
- To investigate the role of abscisic acid (ABA) in signaling recovery processes.
Main Methods:
- Transcriptomic analysis using cDNA microarrays in grapevine leaf petioles.
- Assessment of water relations, embolism dynamics, and leaf ABA concentration.
- Comparison of gene expression profiles between recovering and irrigated control plants under varying transpiration rates.
Main Results:
- Key affected gene categories included secondary metabolism (flavonoid biosynthesis), sugar metabolism/transport, and aquaporins.
- Recovery was slower and involved fewer gene expression changes under low transpiration.
- High transpiration during recovery led to increased ABA levels and upregulation of ABA metabolism/signaling genes.
Conclusions:
- Grapevine recovery from water stress involves complex transcriptomic reprogramming.
- High transpiration intensifies metabolic reorganization and ABA signaling during rehydration.
- Elevated ABA levels may act as a crucial signal for initiating post-stress rehydration responses.
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Transcription
Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in the proper synthesis of messenger RNA (mRNA). Regulation of transcription is responsible for the differentiation of all the different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds...