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Related Concept Videos

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Muscles of the Eye01:20

Muscles of the Eye

The muscles of the eye are sophisticated structures that control eye movement and focus, allowing for the precise and rapid adjustments necessary for vision. The human eye is controlled by ten muscles — six extraocular muscles, three intraocular muscles, and one primary eyelid retractor muscle.
Extraocular Muscles
The six extraocular muscles surround the eyeball and control its movements. They are responsible for a wide range of eye motions, including looking up, down, left, right, and rotating...
Microbiome of the Eye01:22

Microbiome of the Eye

The human eye has a specialized microbiota that reflects its unique anatomical and immunological environment. This low-biomass microbial community predominantly colonizes the conjunctiva and eyelid margins, playing a vital role in ocular surface homeostasis and defense. Despite its proximity to the richly colonized facial skin, the ocular surface maintains a distinct microbial profile due to continuous mechanical and biochemical defense mechanisms.The conjunctival surface hosts fewer microbial...
Accessory Structures of the Eye01:17

Accessory Structures of the Eye

Optical perception, or vision, is an extraordinary sense dependent on converting light signals received via the ocular organs. These organs, known as eyes, are securely positioned within the bony cavities of the skull, called orbits. The orbits serve a dual purpose: a protective shield for the ocular globes and a stable attachment point for the soft ocular tissues. The eye's external protective mechanisms include the eyelids, which are edged with lashes that act as a barrier against foreign...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Induction of Ocular Surface Inflammation and Collection of Involved Tissues
06:38

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The eye in rheumatology.

Jiten Morarji1, Sue Lightman, Simon R J Taylor

  • 1UCL Institute of Opthalmology, London EC1V 9EL, UK.

British Journal of Hospital Medicine (London, England : 2005)
|January 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Rheumatic diseases can impact eye health, leading to vision loss. Early detection and treatment, including immunosuppression, improve patient outcomes for these common rheumatic eye conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Rheumatic conditions are systemic autoimmune diseases that can affect various organs.
  • Ocular manifestations of rheumatic diseases are common and can lead to severe visual impairment.
  • Prompt diagnosis and management are crucial for preserving vision.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the most frequent ocular manifestations of rheumatic diseases.
  • To highlight the importance of early diagnosis in managing rheumatic eye conditions.
  • To discuss current therapeutic strategies, including immunosuppression.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of common rheumatic eye conditions.
  • Analysis of clinical presentation and diagnostic approaches.

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  • Summary of treatment modalities and prognostic factors.

    • Main Results:

    • Rheumatic diseases frequently involve the eye, presenting with diverse pathologies.
    • Specific rheumatic conditions have characteristic ocular findings.
    • Timely intervention significantly impacts visual prognosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Ocular involvement is a significant concern in rheumatic diseases.
    • A multidisciplinary approach is essential for optimal patient care.
    • Understanding common manifestations aids in early detection and management, preserving sight.