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Topical anesthetics for dermatologic procedures: a review.
Joseph F Sobanko1, Christopher J Miller, Tina S Alster
1Department of Dermatology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Summary
Topical anesthetics, like lidocaine, are widely used for pain relief in dermatologic procedures. Careful application considering amount, location, and duration minimizes side effects and ensures patient comfort.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Anesthesiology
- Aesthetic Medicine
Background:
- Topical anesthetics are increasingly utilized for pain management during superficial dermatologic, aesthetic, and laser procedures.
- A wide array of lidocaine-based products exist, yet comprehensive reviews on their safety and application are limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review available topical anesthetics.
- To analyze their safety profiles and dermatologic applications.
Main Methods:
- A literature review was performed on current topical anesthetics, their safety data, and clinical uses in dermatology.
Main Results:
- Key factors for reducing side effects include controlling the quantity of anesthetic used, the body area treated, the surface area size, and application duration.
- Adverse events have been reported with unapproved compounded products, excessively high anesthetic concentrations, and application over large skin areas, particularly during laser treatments.
Conclusions:
- Lidocaine-containing topical anesthetics are crucial for effective cutaneous anesthesia, offering patient comfort with generally minimal adverse effects.
- Prudent use requires careful consideration of the specific anatomical site, the total treated surface area, and the length of skin contact with the anesthetic.
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