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Termination of Translation

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The large ribosomal subunit has several important structures essential to translation. These include the peptidyl transferase center (PTC) - which is the site where the peptide bond is formed - and a large, internal, water-filled tube through which the nascent polypeptide moves. This latter structure is called the Peptide Exit Tunnel, and it begins at the PTC and spans the body of the large ribosomal subunit. During translation, as the nascent polypeptide chain is synthesized, it passes through...

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Updated: May 25, 2026

Isolation of Translating Ribosomes Containing Peptidyl-tRNAs for Functional and Structural Analyses

Isolation of Translating Ribosomes Containing Peptidyl-tRNAs for Functional and Structural Analyses

Published on: February 25, 2011

The tmRNA ribosome-rescue system.

Brian D Janssen¹, Christopher S Hayes

¹Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA.

Advances in Protein Chemistry and Structural Biology

|January 17, 2012

Summary

Bacterial tmRNA (transfer-messenger RNA) rescues stalled protein synthesis by tagging truncated proteins for degradation. This quality control system ensures accurate gene expression and aids bacterial survival.

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Bacterial Physiology
Genetics

Background:

The bacterial tmRNA (transfer-messenger RNA) system is a crucial quality control mechanism.
It monitors protein synthesis and recycles stalled translation complexes.
This process, known as ribosome rescue, prevents the accumulation of aberrant proteins.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the mechanism of tmRNA-mediated ribosome rescue.
To elucidate the role of tmRNA in bacterial physiology, development, and stress responses.

Main Methods:

This review synthesizes existing research on tmRNA function.
It focuses on the molecular mechanisms of ribosome rescue and tmRNA's physiological roles.

Main Results:

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Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Isolation of Translating Ribosomes Containing Peptidyl-tRNAs for Functional and Structural Analyses

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Using SecM Arrest Sequence as a Tool to Isolate Ribosome Bound Polypeptides

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Published on: June 19, 2012

tmRNA binds stalled ribosomes, acting as both tRNA and mRNA.
It adds an ssrA peptide tag to nascent polypeptides, targeting them for degradation.
This process ensures the synthesis of full-length proteins and turnover of damaged genetic messages.

Conclusions:

tmRNA is essential for maintaining the fidelity of gene expression in bacteria.
It plays significant roles in bacterial development, pathogenesis, and adaptation to environmental stress.
Understanding tmRNA function is key to comprehending bacterial survival strategies.