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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

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Carbohydrate-active enzymes revealed in Coptotermes formosanus (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) transcriptome.

Dunhua Zhang¹, A R Lax, B Henrissat

¹Southern Regional Research Center, ARS, USDA, New Orleans, LA 70124, USA. dunhua.zhang@ars.usda.gov

Insect Molecular Biology

|January 17, 2012

Summary

This study identifies 509 carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) in the destructive Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus. These enzymes are crucial for cellulose digestion and trehalose metabolism, with specific genes showing caste-dependent expression.

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Testing Protozoacidal Activity of Ligand-lytic Peptides Against Termite Gut Protozoa in vitro (Protozoa Culture) and in vivo (Microinjection into Termite Hindgut)

Published on: December 29, 2010

Area of Science:

Termite molecular biology
Enzymology
Genomics

Background:

Coptotermes formosanus is a highly destructive wood-feeding termite species.
Understanding termite development requires insights into their molecular mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

To construct a normalized cDNA library for Coptotermes formosanus.
To identify and analyze carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) within this library.
To investigate the expression patterns of specific CAZyme genes.

Main Methods:

Construction of a normalized C. formosanus cDNA library using mixed RNA from various castes and sexes.
Sequencing of the library to generate expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and unigenes.
Bioinformatic analysis to identify putative CAZymes and analyze gene expression.

Main Results:

A library of 131,636 ESTs and 25,939 unigenes was generated.
509 putative CAZymes were identified, including diverse cellulolytic enzymes from the termite and its symbionts.
CAZymes involved in trehalose metabolism were found, and five GH1 β-glucosidase genes showed differential expression across castes, with one being female alate-specific.

Conclusions:

The normalized EST library provides a valuable genetic resource for C. formosanus research.
Identified CAZymes are important for cellulose utilization, trehalose regulation, and potential applications in biofuel production.
Differential gene expression highlights caste-specific roles of certain enzymes.