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Overview of Cell Death

Overview of Cell Death

Cell death is an essential process where the body gets rid of old or damaged cells. Cell proliferation and death need to be balanced, as an imbalance between the two may lead to cancer or autoimmune diseases.
Cell death was observed in the early 19th century, but there was no experimental evidence to prove it. In 1842, Carl Vogt first discovered cell death in a metamorphic toad; however, it was not termed ‘cell death.’ Scientists discovered different cell death pathways only in the 20th century...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Characterization of MLKL-mediated Plasma Membrane Rupture in Necroptosis

Characterization of MLKL-mediated Plasma Membrane Rupture in Necroptosis

Published on: August 7, 2018

Dissecting cell death with proteomic scalpels.

Li-Shun Wang¹, Li Xia, Shao-Min Shen

¹Rui-Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai, PR China.

|January 17, 2012

Summary

Programmed cell death (PCD) regulation is crucial for multicellular organisms and implicated in diseases. Proteomics offers powerful tools to investigate PCD mechanisms and protein modulations, driving research forward.

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Last Updated: May 25, 2026

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Biochemistry
Cell Biology

Background:

Programmed cell death (PCD) encompasses apoptosis, autophagy, and programmed necrosis, fundamental genetically determined processes in multicellular organisms.
Dysregulation of PCD is linked to significant diseases such as myocardial infarction, cancer, and autoimmune disorders, highlighting the need for intensive research.
Proteins involved in PCD are modulated by post-translational mechanisms, including modifications, interactions, and cleavage, making them amenable to proteomic analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the significant achievements in applying proteomics to programmed cell death (PCD) research.
To highlight how various proteomics techniques contribute to understanding PCD regulation.
To stimulate further research and application of proteomics in the PCD field.

Main Methods:

Quantitative proteomics for measuring protein abundance changes during PCD.
Interactomics to map protein-protein interaction networks in PCD pathways.
PTMomics, degradomics, chemical proteomics, and pharmacoproteomics to explore protein modifications, degradation, and drug targets in PCD.

Main Results:

Proteomics approaches have successfully identified numerous PCD-involved proteins and their regulatory mechanisms.
Quantitative proteomics, interactomics, and PTMomics have provided deep insights into the molecular players and pathways of PCD.
These proteomic techniques are accelerating the discovery of novel therapeutic targets for PCD-related diseases.

Conclusions:

Proteomics is a pivotal technology for dissecting the complexities of programmed cell death.
The application of diverse proteomic strategies has significantly advanced our understanding of PCD regulation.
Continued integration of proteomics holds immense potential for future breakthroughs in PCD research and disease treatment.