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Related Concept Videos

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction

IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management01:22

Mitral Valve Prolapse II: Assessment and Management

IntroductionA range of clinical features characterizes Mitral Valve Prolapse (MVP), but it is important to note that many individuals with MVP are asymptomatic and may remain so throughout their lives. For those who do exhibit symptoms, the following are the key clinical features:Palpitations: This is a common symptom where individuals feel an irregular or rapid heartbeat. Palpitations in MVP are often due to arrhythmias such as premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular tachycardia.
Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management01:19

Mitral Valve Prolapse III: Nursing Management

The nursing management of Mitral Valve Prolapse, or MVP, centers around patient education, symptom monitoring, and lifestyle modifications.Patient Education on MVP Diagnosis and Heredity: Nurses should provide comprehensive education about MVP, a condition where the mitral valve does not close appropriately during heartbeats. This education often includes the condition's pathophysiology, symptoms, and potential complications, like arrhythmias or mitral regurgitation. Though not fully...
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

Mitral valve prolapse.

T Sloane Guy1, Arthur C Hill

  • 1Department of Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA. sloane.guy@tuhs.temple.edu

Annual Review of Medicine
|January 18, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Mitral valve prolapse, often caused by genetic myxomatous degeneration, can lead to serious heart issues like regurgitation. Understanding its complex genetic basis is key for future treatments.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Genetics
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Mitral valve prolapse (MVP) involves abnormal bulging of mitral valve leaflets.
  • MVP is a significant risk factor for mitral regurgitation, heart failure, arrhythmia, and endocarditis.
  • Myxomatous degeneration is the leading cause of MVP in the US and Europe, often necessitating surgery for associated mitral regurgitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the complex genetic etiology of myxomatous degeneration.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying myxomatous degeneration.
  • To discuss the challenges in treating mitral prolapse with regurgitation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on mitral valve prolapse and myxomatous degeneration.
  • Analysis of the genetic and molecular basis of the condition.

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An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
07:42

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat

Published on: May 19, 2020

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Last Updated: May 25, 2026

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair
08:31

A Simplified Stepwise Approach to Echo Guidance during Percutaneous Mitral Valve Repair

Published on: October 16, 2021

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
07:42

An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat

Published on: May 19, 2020

  • Discussion of treatment complexities and emerging technologies.

    • Main Results:

    • Myxomatous degeneration has a complex, heterogeneous genetic basis, likely involving multiple genes and chromosomes with autosomal dominant inheritance and incomplete penetrance.
    • The molecular pathology involves connective tissue abnormalities and altered extracellular matrix, influenced by matrix metalloproteinases, cysteine endoproteases, and tenomodulin.
    • Progression of myxomatous mitral prolapse is a primary driver for surgical intervention in mitral regurgitation.

    Conclusions:

    • Myxomatous degeneration is a complex genetic connective tissue disorder underlying common causes of mitral valve prolapse and severe mitral regurgitation.
    • Further research into the intricate genetics and molecular pathways is essential.
    • Developing effective and controversial treatments for mitral prolapse with regurgitation presents significant challenges.