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Observational Fear as a Model of Affective Empathy in Mice
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Does empathy change in first-year dental students?

A Beattie1, J Durham, J Harvey

  • 1Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.

European Journal of Dental Education : Official Journal of the Association for Dental Education in Europe
|January 19, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Dental students showed increased empathy after early clinical exposure. A modified Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) effectively measured this short-term change in first-year dental undergraduates.

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Area of Science:

  • Dental Education
  • Medical Education
  • Professionalism in Healthcare

Background:

  • Professionalism and patient-centered care are core to dental education.
  • Empathy is a crucial attitude for dentists, emphasizing patient interests.
  • Early exposure to behavioral sciences and clinical settings is part of dental curricula.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess self-reported empathy levels in first-year dental students.
  • To evaluate changes in empathy following an early analytical exposure to behavioral sciences and clinical encounters.

Main Methods:

  • A questionnaire, including the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSPE) and Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS), was administered pre- and post-course.
  • 66 paired questionnaires were analyzed using paired non-parametric tests and Spearman's Rho correlations.
  • Statistical significance was determined using simple descriptive statistics.

Main Results:

  • A significant increase (P<0.01) in empathy was observed using the JSPE post-course.
  • No significant correlations were found between age and empathy scores.
  • No gender differences in empathy levels were detected.
  • The PPOS did not show significant changes in sharing, caring, or total scores.

Conclusions:

  • The modified JSPE is a potentially useful tool for assessing cognitive-affective empathy in dental students.
  • Structured analytical introductions to clinical environments can lead to measurable short-term empathy changes in dental undergraduates.