[Malignant neurofibroma of the cervical portion of the vagus nerve]

The authors give an account of a malignant neurofibroma of the cervical portion of the vagus in Recklinghausen's disease in a 29 year-old man. The tumour was removed with part of the nerve. Relatively shortly after operation a local relapse of the tumour developed, with propagation into the posterior cranial fossa, which proved fatal. The authors discuss diagnostic difficulties, possibilities of treatment and the prognosis of malignant neurogenic tumours.