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Updated: May 25, 2026

Processing of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid and Matched Blood for Alveolar Macrophage and CD4+ T-cell Immunophenotyping and HIV Reservoir Assessment
Published on: June 23, 2019
Cigarette smoking behaviors and beliefs in persons living with HIV/AIDS
Jonathan Shuter1, Steven L Bernstein, Alyson B Moadel
1AIDS Center and Division of Infectious Diseases, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. jshuter@montefiore.org
Objective:
To measure biopsychosocial domains related to tobacco use in persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHAs).
Methods:
Cross-sectional interview study of 60 PLWHA smokers randomly selected from an HIV clinic.
Results:
Participants averaged 14.4 cigarettes daily. Sixty-five percent were moderately or highly nicotine dependent, and most were motivated to quit. Substance use and depression were very common. Most reported that smoking helped them cope with depression, anxiety, and anger. Twenty-seven percent thought (mistakenly) that smoking raised their T-cell counts and/or helped fight infections. Referrals to quitlines or cessation programs were uncommon.
Conclusions:
Smoking among PLWHAs is a challenging problem requiring targeted intervention strategies.
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