Development of the boston retinal prosthesis.

Area of Science:

• Biomedical Engineering
• Neuroscience
• Ophthalmology

Background:

• Visual impairment affects millions globally, with limited treatment options.
• Retinal prostheses offer a potential solution for restoring partial vision.
• Advancements in miniaturization and wireless technology are crucial for effective retinal implants.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and evaluate a small, hermetic, wirelessly controlled retinal prosthesis for pre-clinical studies.
• To assess the feasibility of wireless power and data transmission for retinal stimulation.
• To investigate the long-term performance and safety of the implant in an animal model.

Main Methods:

• A 16-channel stimulator chip was housed in a hermetic titanium case, connected to a sub-retinal thin-film electrode array.
• Wireless power (500 KHz carrier) and data (frequency shift keying) were transmitted to the implanted device.
• Stimulation parameters were wirelessly programmed, and electrode impedances were monitored via telemetry.
• In vitro testing in saline and in vivo studies in Yucatan mini-pigs were conducted for up to three months.

Main Results:

• The wirelessly controlled retinal prosthesis was successfully implanted and operated in Yucatan mini-pigs.
• The device demonstrated stable wireless power and data transmission for visual stimulation.
• Stimulus artifacts were measured in vivo, confirming the functionality of the current drivers.
• Electrode impedance monitoring provided insights into the implant's performance over time.

Conclusions:

• A small, hermetic, wirelessly controlled retinal prosthesis is feasible for pre-clinical evaluation.
• The developed system enables wireless programming and monitoring of retinal stimulation parameters.
• This technology shows promise for future development of vision restoration devices.