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Acute deterioration of renal function associated with enteric hyperoxaluria.

R Wharton1, V D'Agati, A M Magun

  • 1Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York.

Clinical Nephrology
|September 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary

Enteric hyperoxaluria, a condition linked to malabsorption, can cause acute kidney injury. This often occurs with steatorrhea and may be triggered by dehydration, highlighting a potentially overlooked cause of kidney dysfunction.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Enteric hyperoxaluria, resulting from malabsorption syndromes, is a known cause of kidney stones and chronic tubulointerstitial damage.
  • Rarely, it has been implicated in acute renal failure following intestinal bypass surgery for morbid obesity.

Observation:

  • This report details two cases of acute renal dysfunction in patients with steatorrhea and increased intestinal oxalate absorption.
  • One patient had a history of extensive small bowel resection, while the other suffered from chronic pancreatitis leading to steatorrhea.

Findings:

  • Both patients exhibited acute tubular damage due to oxalate deposition, confirmed by renal biopsy.
  • The renal function decline may be linked to surges in steatorrhea coinciding with episodes of volume depletion.

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Implications:

  • Enteric hyperoxaluria represents a potentially overlooked and preventable cause of acute kidney injury.
  • Recognizing the association between malabsorption, steatorrhea, and acute renal dysfunction is crucial for timely diagnosis and intervention.