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Action Potential

Action Potential

Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...

Propagation of Action Potentials

Propagation of Action Potentials

The propagation of an action potential refers to the process by which a nerve impulse, or "action potential," travels along a neuron.
Neurons (nerve cells) have a resting membrane potential, with a slightly negative charge inside compared to outside. This is maintained by ion channels, such as sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) channels, which control the flow of ions. When a stimulus, like a touch or a signal from another neuron, triggers the neuron, sodium channels open, allowing sodium ions to...

The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation

The Role of Ion Channels in Neuronal Computation

A postsynaptic neuron usually receives numerous impulses from several other presynaptic neurons. The axon hillock of the postsynaptic neuron integrates all these signals and determines the likelihood of firing an action potential.
Sometimes a single EPSP is strong enough to induce an action potential in the postsynaptic neuron. However, multiple presynaptic inputs must often create EPSPs around the same time for the postsynaptic neuron to be sufficiently depolarized to fire an action potential.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Acute In Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings of Local Field Potentials and Multi-unit Activity from the Hyperdirect Pathway in Anesthetized Rats

Acute In Vivo Electrophysiological Recordings of Local Field Potentials and Multi-unit Activity from the Hyperdirect Pathway in Anesthetized Rats

Published on: June 22, 2017

Local field potential driven Izhikevich model predicts a subthalamic nucleus neuron activity.

Kostis P Michmizos¹, Konstantina S Nikita

¹Biomedical Simulations and Imaging Laboratory, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 15780, Athens, Greece. konmic@biosim.ntua.gr

Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference

|January 19, 2012

Summary

Local field potentials (LFPs) can accurately predict the timing and rhythm of single neuron spikes in Parkinson's disease patients. This study demonstrates LFPs reliably predict spike occurrences, offering insights into neural activity.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Computational Neuroscience
Biophysics

Background:

The relationship between local field potentials (LFPs) and single unit spiking activity is not fully understood.
Investigating this relationship is crucial for understanding neural dynamics in neurological disorders like Parkinson's disease.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine if linearly modified LFPs can predict single neuron spiking activity in the subthalamic nucleus (STN).
To assess the accuracy of an Izhikevich model using LFPs to predict STN neuron spikes in Parkinson's disease patients.

Main Methods:

Microelectrode recordings of LFPs and single unit activity from the STN of Parkinson's disease patients.
Parameterization of an Izhikevich neuron model using recorded LFPs.
Analysis of model prediction accuracy for spike timing and rhythm.

Main Results:

The model accurately predicted spike timing and rhythm in 5 out of 7 single neuron recordings.
One model showed reduced accuracy in predicting spike rhythm, while another had lower accuracy in predicting spike timing.
Overall, LFPs demonstrated a reliable predictive capacity for spike occurrence.

Conclusions:

Linear modification of LFPs can serve as input to the Izhikevich model for predicting STN neuron spikes.
LFPs are a reliable indicator of spike occurrence in the STN of Parkinson's disease patients.
This finding has implications for developing better models of neural activity and potential therapeutic interventions.