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Inherited variations in the SOD and GPX gene families and cancer risk

Arseniy E Yuzhalin1, Anton G Kutikhin

  • 1Department of Genetics, Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo, Russian Federation. yuzhalin@gmail.com

Free Radical Research
|January 20, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) combat oxidative stress. Specific gene variants (polymorphisms) in these enzymes may increase cancer risk, potentially serving as future biomarkers.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
  • Genetics and Genomics
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Oxidative stress, caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), damages cellular components including DNA.
  • ROS can lead to genomic instability and aberrant cell processes, increasing cancer risk.
  • Antioxidant defence enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX), mitigate oxidative damage.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the impact of common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SOD and GPX gene families on carcinogenesis.
  • To explore the potential of these genetic variations as cancer risk biomarkers.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) gene families.
  • Analysis of the association between specific genetic variants and cancer development.
  • Evaluation of the predictive significance of identified polymorphisms.

Main Results:

  • Certain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in SOD and GPX genes significantly alter enzyme function.
  • Specific alleles of these antioxidant genes are associated with increased risk for particular cancer types.
  • The predictive significance of several polymorphisms in relation to cancer predisposition was determined.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic variations in antioxidant defence genes like SOD and GPX play a role in cancer development.
  • Identified risk alleles may serve as valuable genomic markers for cancer predisposition.
  • Further in-depth research into these polymorphisms is recommended for early cancer prevention strategies.

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