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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy III: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is an autosomal dominant genetic disorder characterized by asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy without ventricular dilation. It is more common in men and is typically diagnosed in young, athletic adults.EtiologyHCM is primarily genetic and is caused by mutations in genes encoding sarcomeric proteins. Researchers have identified over 1400 mutations across at least 11 different genes. Among these, the most frequently occurring mutations are found in the...
Cirrhosis I: Introduction01:23

Cirrhosis I: Introduction

Cirrhosis is a chronic, irreversible liver disease characterized by the widespread replacement of healthy liver tissue with fibrotic scar tissue and the formation of regenerative nodules.Etiology of cirrhosisCirrhosis results from sustained liver injury that triggers progressive fibrosis and structural remodeling. The underlying causes are diverse, encompassing common and less frequent clinical conditions. Regardless of the origin, all causes lead to chronic inflammation, hepatocyte loss, and...
Huntington Disease l: Introduction01:21

Huntington Disease l: Introduction

Huntington disease or HD is a progressive, fatal neurodegenerative disorder inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.PathophysiologyIt is caused by expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat in the HTT gene on chromosome 4 (4p16.3), producing an abnormal huntingtin protein with an expanded polyglutamine tract. This misfolded protein disrupts cellular function, leading to neuronal death. Normal alleles have ≤26 repeats, 27–35 are intermediate (risk of expansion), 36–39 show reduced penetrance,...
Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy01:29

Cardiomyopathy IV: Restrictive Cardiomyopathy

Restrictive cardiomyopathy (RCM) is a rare heart muscle disease characterized by impaired ventricular filling due to stiffened ventricular walls, leading to significant diastolic dysfunction.EtiologyRestrictive cardiomyopathy can arise from both inherited and acquired diseases, many of which are systemic. It is categorized into four main types: infiltrative, storage, non-infiltrative, and endomyocardial diseases.Infiltrative diseases, such as amyloidosis, lead to RCM by depositing amyloid...
Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Fingerprinting Cardiolipin in Leukocytes by Mass Spectrometry for a Rapid Diagnosis of Barth Syndrome
06:48

Fingerprinting Cardiolipin in Leukocytes by Mass Spectrometry for a Rapid Diagnosis of Barth Syndrome

Published on: March 23, 2022

[Castleman disease].

P Szturz1, M Moulis, Z Adam

  • 1Interní hematoonkologická klinika, LF MU a FN Brno. petr.szturz@fnbrno.cz

Klinicka Onkologie : Casopis Ceske a Slovenske Onkologicke Spolecnosti
|January 20, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Castleman disease, a rare lymphoproliferative disorder, presents in unicentric or multicentric forms. Early diagnosis and full-body PET/CT scans are crucial for staging and evaluating treatment response in this often misdiagnosed condition.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Fingerprinting Cardiolipin in Leukocytes by Mass Spectrometry for a Rapid Diagnosis of Barth Syndrome
06:48

Fingerprinting Cardiolipin in Leukocytes by Mass Spectrometry for a Rapid Diagnosis of Barth Syndrome

Published on: March 23, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Oncology
  • Rare Diseases

Background:

  • Castleman disease is a rare, non-clonal lymphoproliferative disorder with unclear origins.
  • It presents as unicentric (localized) or multicentric (generalized) forms, with distinct clinical courses and treatment needs.
  • Histopathological variants include hyaline-vascular, plasma-cell, and mixed types, influencing management strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of Castleman disease.
  • To detail clinical, histopathological, diagnostic, and therapeutic aspects.
  • To explore the roles of cytokines and HHV-8 in disease pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical and histopathological information.
  • Discussion of diagnostic imaging, including ultrasonography, CT, and PET/CT.
  • Presentation of histological findings from a specific patient case.

Main Results:

  • Castleman disease is often misdiagnosed due to its rarity, leading to diagnostic delays.
  • Unicentric hyaline-vascular forms typically respond well to surgical excision.
  • Multicentric plasmocellular variants are aggressive, requiring systemic therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Castleman disease should be considered in the differential diagnosis of lymphadenopathy, anemia, and B-symptoms.
  • Prompt recognition and diagnosis are essential for effective management.
  • Full-body PET/CT scanning is vital for staging and assessing treatment efficacy.