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Targeted Cancer Therapies

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

Targeted Cancer Therapies

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine

Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...

Overview of DNA Repair

Overview of DNA Repair

In order to be passed through generations, genomic DNA must be undamaged and error-free. However, every day, DNA in a cell undergoes several thousand to a million damaging events by natural causes and external factors. Ionizing radiation such as UV rays, free radicals produced during cellular respiration, and hydrolytic damage from metabolic reactions can alter the structure of DNA. Damages caused include single-base alteration, base dimerization, chain breaks, and cross-linkage.
Chemically...

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts

Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts

Published on: July 25, 2020

Selective tumor killing based on specific DNA-damage response deficiencies.

Michael Biss¹, Wei Xiao

¹Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.

Cancer Biology & Therapy

|January 20, 2012

Summary

Targeting DNA-damage response (DDR) pathways in cancer offers a novel therapeutic strategy. Inhibiting remaining DDR in tumor cells can enhance chemotherapy effectiveness and minimize harm to healthy cells.

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Assessing Specificity of Anticancer Drugs In Vitro

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Testing Targeted Therapies in Cancer using Structural DNA Alteration Analysis and Patient-Derived Xenografts

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Assessing Specificity of Anticancer Drugs In Vitro

Assessing Specificity of Anticancer Drugs In Vitro

Published on: March 23, 2016

Area of Science:

Genomic stability and DNA repair mechanisms.
Cancer biology and therapeutic strategies.

Background:

Organisms possess a DNA-damage response (DDR) to maintain genomic stability and prevent mutations.
Defects in DDR are linked to cellular transformation and tumorigenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting DNA-damage response (DDR) pathways in cancer treatment.
To investigate how inhibiting remaining DDR pathways can sensitize tumor cells to chemotherapy.

Main Methods:

Analysis of tumor genotypic backgrounds to identify targetable DDR pathways.
Developing strategies to inhibit specific DDR components in cancer cells.

Main Results:

Targeting DDR pathways can selectively hyper-sensitize tumor cells to genotoxic stress.
This approach offers a method to increase chemotherapy efficacy while sparing healthy cells.

Conclusions:

Understanding tumor-specific DDR is crucial for effective targeted therapy.
Inhibiting DDR components represents a promising strategy for enhancing current cancer chemotherapies and improving treatment selectivity.