Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Extraction: Advanced Methods

Extraction: Advanced Methods

Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is formed in...

Statistical Analysis: Overview

Statistical Analysis: Overview

When we take repeated measurements on the same or replicated samples, we will observe inconsistencies in the magnitude. These inconsistencies are called errors. To categorize and characterize these results and their errors, the researcher can use statistical analysis to determine the quality of the measurements and/or suitability of the methods.
One of the most commonly used statistical quantifiers is the mean, which is the ratio between the sum of the numerical values of all results and the...

Extraction: Partition and Distribution Coefficients

Extraction: Partition and Distribution Coefficients

The distribution law or Nernst's distribution law is the law that governs the distribution of a solute between two immiscible solvents. This law, also known as the partition law, states that if a solute is added to the mixture of two immiscible solvents at a constant temperature, the solute is distributed between the two solvents in such a way that the ratio of solute concentrations in the solvents remains constant at equilibrium.
For extracting a solute from an aqueous phase into an organic...

Statistical Significance

Statistical Significance

Once data is collected from both the experimental and the control groups, a statistical analysis is conducted to find out if there are meaningful differences between the two groups. A statistical analysis determines how likely any difference found is due to chance (and thus not meaningful). In psychology, group differences are considered meaningful, or significant, if the odds that these differences occurred by chance alone are 5 percent or less. Stated another way, if we repeated this...

Survival Tree

Survival Tree

Survival trees are a non-parametric method used in survival analysis to model the relationship between a set of covariates and the time until an event of interest occurs, often referred to as the "time-to-event" or "survival time." This method is particularly useful when dealing with censored data, where the event has not occurred for some individuals by the end of the study period, or when the exact time of the event is unknown.
Building a Survival Tree
Constructing a survival tree begins...

Predicting Products: Substitution vs. Elimination

Predicting Products: Substitution vs. Elimination

When a nucleophile and an alkyl halide react, nucleophilic substitution and β-elimination reactions compete to generate products.
The following factors can influence the mechanisms competing against each other:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Simulating the Effect of Environmental Change on Evolving Populations.

Artificial life·2024

Same author

Effect of Environmental Change Distribution on Artificial Life Simulations.

Artificial life·2022

Same author

A longitudinal study of theory of mind and listening comprehension: Is preschool theory of mind important?

Journal of experimental child psychology·2022

Same author

Imitative and Direct Learning as Interacting Factors in Life History Evolution.

Artificial life·2017

Same author

Theory of mind in emerging reading comprehension: A longitudinal study of early indirect and direct effects.

Journal of experimental child psychology·2017

Same author

Inclined to see it your way: Do altercentric intrusion effects in visual perspective taking reflect an intrinsically social process?

Quarterly journal of experimental psychology (2006)·2015

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) of Wernicke's and Broca's Areas in Studies of Language Learning and Word Acquisition

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) of Wernicke's and Broca's Areas in Studies of Language Learning and Word Acquisition

Published on: July 13, 2019

Extracting semantic representations from word co-occurrence statistics: stop-lists, stemming, and SVD.

John A Bullinaria¹, Joseph P Levy

¹School of Computer Science, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT Birmingham, UK. j.a.bullinaria@cs.bham.ac.uk

Behavior Research Methods

|January 20, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study refines semantic vector generation using singular value decomposition (SVD) and larger corpora. Improved methods achieve state-of-the-art performance on semantic tasks, offering better word representation insights.

More Related Videos

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential (ERP) Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential (ERP) Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 12, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) of Wernicke's and Broca's Areas in Studies of Language Learning and Word Acquisition

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) of Wernicke's and Broca's Areas in Studies of Language Learning and Word Acquisition

Published on: July 13, 2019

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential (ERP) Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

A Semantic Priming Event-related Potential (ERP) Task to Study Lexico-semantic and Visuo-semantic Processing in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Published on: April 12, 2018

Area of Science:

Computational linguistics
Natural language processing
Cognitive science

Background:

Previous work established semantic vectors from word-word co-occurrence statistics.
Pointwise mutual information with small windows and cosine distance yielded optimal representations for psychological tasks.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of stop-lists, word stemming, and singular value decomposition (SVD) on semantic representations.
To explore the benefits of using a significantly larger text corpus.
To introduce a new semantic task for evaluation.

Main Methods:

Systematic computational analysis of word-word co-occurrence statistics.
Application of stop-lists and word stemming techniques.
Dimensionality reduction via singular value decomposition (SVD).
Evaluation across multiple psychologically relevant semantic tasks, including a new one and a standard TOEFL task.

Main Results:

Improved SVD-based methods were developed for generating semantic representations.
State-of-the-art performance was achieved on a standard TOEFL semantic task.
The study identified potential pitfalls and misleading outcomes from incomplete systematic analyses.

Conclusions:

Further refinement of semantic vector extraction is possible through techniques like SVD and larger corpora.
Systematic investigation is crucial to avoid misleading results in semantic representation studies.
The developed methods offer enhanced capabilities for understanding semantic relationships in text.