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Related Concept Videos

Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview01:13

Five-Membered Heterocyclic Aromatic Compounds: Overview

Heterocyclic aromatic compounds are cyclic compounds that are aromatic and have one or more heteroatoms—atoms other than carbon, in the ring. Depending upon the number of atoms present in the ring, they can be either five or six-membered. Examples of five-membered heterocyclic aromatic compounds include pyrrole, furan, thiophene, and imidazole. Pyrrole consists of one nitrogen atom having one lone pair of electrons. Furan and thiophene have one oxygen and one sulfur heteroatom, respectively.
Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane01:33

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
Preparation of Diols and Pinacol Rearrangement01:57

Preparation of Diols and Pinacol Rearrangement

Compounds bearing two hydroxyl groups are known as diols. When the hydroxyl groups are located on adjacent carbon atoms, the diols are called vicinal diols or glycols. Under acidic conditions, vicinal diols undergo a specific reaction called pinacol rearrangement.
The reaction begins with transferring a proton from the acid catalyst to one of the hydroxyl groups, producing an oxonium ion.
IUPAC Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids01:16

IUPAC Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids

IUPAC names of carboxylic acids are systematically derived following a few rules discussed below.
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Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives01:35

Loss of Carboxy Group as CO2: Decarboxylation of Malonic Acid Derivatives

Just like β-keto acids—which upon thermal decarboxylation form ketones—β-dicarboxylic acids undergo decarboxylation to generate monocarboxylic acids with the liberation of carbon dioxide.
Structure and Nomenclature of Epoxides02:38

Structure and Nomenclature of Epoxides

Cyclic ethers are heterocyclic compounds with an oxygen atom in the ring along with carbon atoms. They are named depending on the number of carbon atoms present in their ring system. Cyclic ethers with a three-membered ring system are called “oxirane”, four-membered ring systems as “oxetane”, five-membered ring systems as “oxolane”, and six-membered ring systems as “oxane”. The cyclic structure of these rings imposes angle strain, and this strain is more in the ring having a smaller number of...

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Efficient Construction of Drug-like Bispirocyclic Scaffolds Via Organocatalytic Cycloadditions of &#945;-Imino &#947;-Lactones and Alkylidene Pyrazolones
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5,6-Dimethyl-pyrazine-2,3-dicarb-oxy-lic acid.

Fu-Hong Liu1

  • 1Basis Department, Jilin Business and Technology College, Hao Yue Road No. 1606, Changchun, Jilin, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|January 20, 2012
PubMed
Summary

This study details the crystal structure of a pyrazine derivative, C(8)H(8)N(2)O(4). Molecular arrangements and hydrogen bonding reveal layered crystal packing, offering insights into supramolecular chemistry.

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Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors
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Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

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Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography and Materials Science
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Pyrazine derivatives are important heterocyclic compounds with diverse applications.
  • Understanding the solid-state structure of organic molecules is crucial for predicting their properties and designing new materials.
  • Crystal packing and intermolecular interactions dictate macroscopic material characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the crystal structure of the title compound, C(8)H(8)N(2)O(4).
  • To analyze the molecular conformation, including the torsion angles of carboxyl groups.
  • To investigate the intermolecular interactions and crystal packing arrangement.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to elucidate the crystal structure.
  • Analysis of the asymmetric unit and symmetry operations.
  • Identification and characterization of hydrogen bonding networks.

Main Results:

  • The asymmetric unit contains one complete molecule and a symmetry-generated molecule related by a twofold axis.
  • Significant twisting of carboxyl group planes was observed, with distinct angles in the complete and symmetry-generated molecules (10.8°/87.9° and 43.0° respectively).
  • O-H⋯N hydrogen bonds were identified, leading to the formation of layered structures along the [101] direction.

Conclusions:

  • The crystal structure of C(8)H(8)N(2)O(4) reveals specific molecular conformations and packing motifs.
  • The hydrogen bonding network plays a key role in organizing molecules into extended layers.
  • This structural information contributes to the understanding of pyrazine derivative solid-state behavior and supramolecular assembly.