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Updated: May 25, 2026

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Published on: August 9, 2024

High-risk cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

A Nuño-González¹, F J Vicente-Martín, F Pinedo-Moraleda

¹Unidad de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Fundación de Alcorcón, Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain. almudenanuno@hotmail.com

Actas Dermo-Sifiliograficas

|January 21, 2012

Summary

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a common skin cancer. High-risk factors and the updated AJCC TNM staging system help predict metastasis and guide treatment for advanced cases.

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Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Anterior High-Resolution Optical Coherence Tomography in the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Monitoring of Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia

Published on: August 9, 2024

Area of Science:

Oncology
Dermatology
Cancer Research

Background:

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most prevalent skin cancer, with rising incidence.
While surgery is curative for most cases, approximately 5% develop local or distant metastases.
Certain high-risk factors increase the likelihood of metastasis in cSCC.

Purpose of the Study:

To review prognostic factors for cSCC.
To analyze the updated AJCC TNM staging classification for cSCC.
To discuss treatment strategies for high-risk cSCC.

Main Methods:

Literature review of prognostic factors in cSCC.
Analysis of the 7th edition AJCC TNM staging manual for cSCC.
Review of current treatment options for high-risk cSCC.

Main Results:

Identified numerous risk factors associated with cSCC metastasis, including tumor size, depth, invasion, differentiation, histology, immunosuppression, HPV infection, location, gene expression, and resection status.
The latest AJCC TNM classification incorporates several of these risk factors to enhance disease staging.
High-risk cSCC requires careful consideration of staging and treatment.

Conclusions:

Accurate identification of prognostic factors is crucial for managing cSCC.
The updated AJCC TNM staging system improves risk stratification for cSCC.
Tailored treatment approaches are essential for high-risk cSCC to improve patient outcomes.