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Operant Protocols for Assessing the Cost-benefit Analysis During Reinforced Decision Making by Rodents
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Command and compensation in a neuromodulatory decision network.

Haojiang Luan1, Fengqiu Diao, Nathan C Peabody

  • 1Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Mental Health, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|January 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary

A single pair of fruit fly neurons controls wing expansion decisions, coordinating motor and neuroendocrine outputs. This discovery reveals a potential general strategy for how neuromodulatory neurons orchestrate complex behaviors.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Behavioral Biology
  • Entomology

Background:

  • Neural circuits for behavioral choices integrate internal states and external cues.
  • Coordinating action selection with physiological functions presents significant complexity.
  • Understanding simple decision-making circuits is crucial for deciphering complex behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the neural circuits governing the environmentally sensitive wing expansion decision in adult fruit flies.
  • To investigate the role of specific neuromodulatory neurons in coordinating behavioral and physiological outputs.
  • To explore the plasticity and evolutionary origins of behavioral decision-making networks.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the Split Gal4 system for targeted genetic manipulation of specific neurons in Drosophila.
  • Assessed the impact of neuronal suppression and stimulation on wing expansion behavior.
  • Analyzed motor and neuroendocrine outputs associated with the wing expansion decision.

Main Results:

  • A single pair of neuromodulatory neurons was identified as having command-like function over wing expansion.
  • Suppression of these neurons abolished environmentally induced wing expansion.
  • Stimulation of these neurons induced wing expansion by activating motor and neuroendocrine systems.

Conclusions:

  • This pair of neurons orchestrates the arbitration and implementation of the wing expansion decision, suggesting a general neuromodulatory strategy.
  • A distinct, potentially ancestral, compensatory motor program for wing expansion was observed in mutant flies, highlighting network plasticity.