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Updated: May 25, 2026
Comparison of Agreement and Accuracy using Binocular Wavefront Optometer with Autorefractor and Phoropter
Published on: September 16, 2025
Minimal refractive change induced by sutureless 23- and 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy
Andrés Emanuelli1, José M García-Gonzalez, María H Berrocal
1Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA. aemanuelli@med.miami.edu
Background And Objective:
This study reports the induced refractive error after 23- and 25-gauge (G) pars plana vitrectomy (PPV).
Patients And Methods:
In this non-randomized retrospective case series, refractive status was assessed with an autokeratorefractometer 1 week or more before and 6 months after surgery. Patients who had suture placement to close the sclerotomies were excluded from the study.
Results:
Among the 50 patients (50 eyes), the mean age was 63 years (range: 42 to 76 years) and 57% were female. Thirty eyes underwent 23-G PPV and 20 eyes underwent 25-G PPV. The mean refractive change was +0.50 diopters (D) sphere, +0.25 D cylinders and the mean axis of cylinder change was 6° for the 23-G group; the mean refractive change was +0.12 D sphere, +0.12 D cylinders and the mean axis of cylinder change was 17° for the 25-G group.
Conclusion:
Following sutureless small-gauge vitrectomy, there were mild and minimally significant refractive changes in the 23-G and 25-G groups from baseline.
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