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Related Concept Videos

Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds the telomeric...
Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds the telomeric...
Aging01:26

Aging

Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012 for this...
Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming01:14

Introduction to Nuclear Reprogramming

Nuclear reprogramming is the process of switching gene expression of one cell type to that of another cell type, usually from a differentiated cell state to an undifferentiated cell state. Differentiation occurs during processes such as development and morphogenesis, tissue regeneration, and malignancy. Cells can also be artificially induced to reprogram their gene expression by techniques such as nuclear transfer, induced pluripotency, and cell fusion. Such techniques have many applications in...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Measuring Single-Cell Aging with an Imaging-based Biomarker of Chromatin and Epigenetic Aging
09:10

Measuring Single-Cell Aging with an Imaging-based Biomarker of Chromatin and Epigenetic Aging

Published on: January 30, 2026

Aging, rejuvenation, and epigenetic reprogramming: resetting the aging clock.

Thomas A Rando1, Howard Y Chang

  • 1The Glenn Laboratories for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. rando@stanford.edu

Cell
|January 24, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Aging is a biological mystery, but new research shows the aging clock can be reversed. Epigenetic reprogramming offers a framework to understand and potentially restore youthfulness to aged cells and tissues.

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Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells
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Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells

Published on: June 20, 2018

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Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Measuring Single-Cell Aging with an Imaging-based Biomarker of Chromatin and Epigenetic Aging
09:10

Measuring Single-Cell Aging with an Imaging-based Biomarker of Chromatin and Epigenetic Aging

Published on: January 30, 2026

Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells
08:18

Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells

Published on: June 20, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Biology
  • Genetics
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • The fundamental mechanisms driving the aging process remain largely unknown.
  • Recent research indicates aging is malleable and potentially reversible.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emerging field of epigenetic reprogramming in the context of biological aging.
  • To explore how defining youthfulness and senescence as epigenetic states can advance aging research.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on aging and rejuvenation.
  • Focus on epigenetic reprogramming as a key mechanism.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests that the rate of aging can be influenced by genetic and environmental factors.
  • The aging process may be reversible, with potential for restoring youthful characteristics.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic reprogramming presents a novel framework for investigating aging.
  • Viewing youthfulness and senescence as epigenetic states opens new avenues for research into age reversal.