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A specific clone of Enterococcus cecorum is causing widespread arthritis and osteomyelitis in Canadian chickens. These disease-causing bacteria show reduced susceptibility to common antibiotics like tetracycline and erythromycin.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary microbiology
  • Avian pathology
  • Bacterial genomics

Background:

  • Enterococcus cecorum is a common gut bacterium in birds.
  • Recently, it has emerged as a significant cause of arthritis and osteomyelitis in chickens, particularly in Canada.
  • The genetic makeup and antimicrobial resistance patterns of these emerging strains require investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if a specific clone of Enterococcus cecorum is responsible for the recent emergence of infections in chickens.
  • To evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Enterococcus cecorum isolates from infected and control chickens.

Main Methods:

  • Biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequencing for bacterial identification.
  • Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) for clonal typing of isolates.
  • Broth microdilution method for assessing antimicrobial susceptibility.

Main Results:

  • The majority of Enterococcus cecorum isolates from infected chickens belonged to a single major clonal lineage.
  • Isolates from control chickens exhibited significant genetic diversity.
  • Reduced susceptibility to tetracycline, bacitracin, and erythromycin was common among isolates.
  • Isolates from cases generally displayed lower antimicrobial susceptibility compared to control isolates.

Conclusions:

  • A predominant clonal lineage of Enterococcus cecorum is associated with recent outbreaks of arthritis and osteomyelitis in Canadian chickens.
  • Emergent strains exhibit concerning antimicrobial resistance patterns, particularly to tetracycline, bacitracin, and erythromycin.
  • These findings highlight the need for monitoring and potential interventions regarding this specific bacterial clone in poultry.