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Immunophenotype of hairy-cell leukemia
I B Hassan1, H Hagberg, C Sundström
1Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
European Journal of Haematology
|September 1, 1990
Summary
Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL) shows a distinct B-cell phenotype, differing from B-cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (B-CLL). This unique HCL profile suggests a differentiation stage closer to plasma cells, with BLy7 as a potential diagnostic marker.
Area of Science:
- Hematology
- Immunophenotyping
- Oncology
Background:
- Hairy Cell Leukemia (HCL) is a rare chronic B-cell leukemia.
- Accurate diagnosis and differentiation from other B-cell malignancies are crucial for effective treatment.
- Understanding the immunophenotypic profile of HCL aids in its classification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize the immunophenotype of HCL using a panel of monoclonal antibodies.
- To compare the HCL phenotype with that of B-cell Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (B-CLL).
- To identify potential diagnostic markers for HCL.
Main Methods:
- Studied 15 cases of HCL.
- Utilized a panel of monoclonal antibodies targeting various leukocyte antigens.
- Performed in vitro incubation for 3 weeks to assess phenotype stability.
Main Results:
- Observed a unique B-cell phenotype in HCL cases (CD10-, CD19+, CD20+, CD21-, CD22+, CD37+, CD38-, FMC7+, LN1+, PCA-1+, BLy7+, CD5-).
- Confirmed expected positivity for CD11c and CD25, with variable My7 and My9 expression.
- Demonstrated minimal phenotype alteration after 3 weeks of in vitro incubation.
Conclusions:
- HCL exhibits a distinct immunophenotype among chronic B-cell leukemias.
- The HCL phenotype is closer to the plasma cell differentiation stage than B-CLL.
- The BLy7 monoclonal antibody shows promise as a specific marker for HCL diagnosis.