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Hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves peripheral insulin sensitivity in humans.

D Wilkinson¹, I M Chapman, L K Heilbronn

¹Hyperbaric Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.

Diabetic Medicine : a Journal of the British Diabetic Association

|January 25, 2012

Summary

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy significantly improves insulin sensitivity in individuals with and without Type 2 diabetes. This effect, observed early and sustained, suggests a novel therapeutic mechanism for metabolic health.

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Area of Science:

Metabolic Health
Endocrinology
Oxygen Therapy

Background:

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is recognized for reducing fasting blood glucose in Type 2 diabetes.
The precise mechanisms behind HBOT's glucose-lowering effects remain unclear.
Investigating HBOT's impact on insulin sensitivity is crucial for understanding its therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

To ascertain if hyperbaric oxygen therapy enhances peripheral insulin sensitivity.
To evaluate insulin sensitivity using the hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique.
To explore HBOT's effects in both non-diabetic and Type 2 diabetic individuals.

Main Methods:

Participants included non-obese healthy individuals (n=5) and obese Type 2 diabetic patients (n=5).
HBOT involved administering 100% oxygen at 2.0 ATA for 2 hours daily.
Treatment consisted of six sessions per week for a total of 5 weeks.

Main Results:

A significant overall increase in peripheral insulin sensitivity was observed (P=0.04).
Insulin sensitivity improved notably by session 3 (+37.3%) and session 30 (+40.6%).
HbA1c levels decreased significantly in non-diabetic subjects (P<0.05).

Conclusions:

Insulin sensitivity augmentation by HBOT occurred within 3 days and persisted throughout 30 sessions.
The observed increase in insulin sensitivity is comparable to that achieved with moderate weight loss.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms driving HBOT's insulin-sensitizing effects.