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A voxel-based morphometry study comparing problem gamblers, alcohol abusers, and healthy controls.

Ruth J van Holst1, Michiel B de Ruiter, Wim van den Brink

  • 1Academic Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 5, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands. r.j.vanholst@amc.uva.nl

Drug and Alcohol Dependence
|January 25, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Individuals with alcohol use disorders show reduced grey matter volume in several brain regions. Problem gamblers, however, did not exhibit significant differences in grey matter volume compared to healthy individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neuropsychology
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) are linked to reduced grey matter volume and cognitive deficits.
  • Problem gambling (PG) shares cognitive impairments with AUDs but lacks toxic agent exposure.
  • Similarities between PG and substance use disorders suggest potential neurobiological overlap.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if pathological gambling is associated with abnormal regional grey matter volumes.
  • To compare brain morphology in problem gamblers, individuals with AUDs, and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-brain voxel-based morphometry was employed.
  • A cohort of 40 problem gamblers, 36 with AUDs, and 54 healthy controls participated.
  • Analyses controlled for age, IQ, smoking status, and total intracranial volume.

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Main Results:

  • Individuals with AUDs exhibited significantly smaller grey matter volumes in multiple brain regions compared to controls and problem gamblers.
  • Specific regions affected in AUDs include the left superior frontal cortex, left precentral cortex, right insula, right putamen, left thalamus, bilateral superior parietal cortex, and right supramarginal cortex.
  • No significant grey matter volume differences were found between problem gamblers and healthy controls.

Conclusions:

  • Previous findings of reduced grey matter volume in AUDs were replicated.
  • No significant morphological brain abnormalities were detected in problem gamblers compared to healthy controls.