Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Toxicity Testing in Animals

Toxicity Testing in Animals

Toxicity tests in animals are grounded on two main assumptions: first, the effects observed in laboratory animals can be extrapolated to humans, especially when adjusted for body surface area; second, high-dose exposure in animals is essential to identify potential human hazards from lower doses. This is based on the quantal dose-response concept, which faces the challenge of extrapolating results from relatively few test animals to much larger human populations. For example, a 0.01% incidence...

Teratogenicity

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

INHAND: Non-proliferative and proliferative lesions of fish - Chapter 11. Fish respiratory system.

Journal of toxicologic pathology·2026

Same author

INHAND: Non-proliferative and proliferative lesions of fish - Chapter 4. Fish endocrine system.

Journal of toxicologic pathology·2026

Same author

INHAND: Non-proliferative and proliferative lesions of fish - Chapter 8. Fish nervous system.

Journal of toxicologic pathology·2026

Same author

INHAND: Non-proliferative and proliferative lesions of fish - Chapter 14. Fish special senses.

Journal of toxicologic pathology·2026

Same author

INHAND: Non-proliferative and proliferative lesions of fish - Chapter 7. Fish integumentary system.

Journal of toxicologic pathology·2026

Same author

INHAND: Non-proliferative and proliferative lesions of fish - Chapter 2. Fish cardiovascular system.

Journal of toxicologic pathology·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Ex Vivo Perfusion of the Rodent Placenta

Ex Vivo Perfusion of the Rodent Placenta

Published on: May 30, 2019

Toxicological pathology in the rat placenta.

Satoshi Furukawa¹, Seigo Hayashi, Koji Usuda

¹Biological Research Laboratories, Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd., 1470 Shiraoka, Minamisaitama, Saitama 349-0294, Japan.

Journal of Toxicologic Pathology

|January 25, 2012

Summary

Histopathological examination of placental tissue is crucial for evaluating drug toxicity during pregnancy. Current methods focusing only on placental weight are insufficient for understanding complex adverse effects.

Keywords:

placental hypertrophy placental pathology rat small placenta

More Related Videos

A Plate-based Cytotoxicity Assay for the Assessment of Rat Placental Natural Killer Cell Cytolytic Function

A Plate-based Cytotoxicity Assay for the Assessment of Rat Placental Natural Killer Cell Cytolytic Function

Published on: June 2, 2019

Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model

Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model

Published on: June 18, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Ex Vivo Perfusion of the Rodent Placenta

Ex Vivo Perfusion of the Rodent Placenta

Published on: May 30, 2019

A Plate-based Cytotoxicity Assay for the Assessment of Rat Placental Natural Killer Cell Cytolytic Function

A Plate-based Cytotoxicity Assay for the Assessment of Rat Placental Natural Killer Cell Cytolytic Function

Published on: June 2, 2019

Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model

Determination of the Transport Rate of Xenobiotics and Nanomaterials Across the Placenta using the ex vivo Human Placental Perfusion Model

Published on: June 18, 2013

Area of Science:

Reproductive toxicology
Developmental biology
Pharmacology

Background:

The placenta performs vital functions including nutrient transport and acts as a barrier.
It is a susceptible organ to drug- and chemical-induced toxicity.
Current reproductive toxicity studies lack detailed placental histopathology.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the limitations of current placental toxicity assessments.
To advocate for comprehensive histopathological evaluation of the placenta.
To emphasize the importance of placental histopathology in understanding toxicity mechanisms.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on placental toxicity and reproductive studies.
Analysis of the complexity of placental development and toxicity pathogenesis.
Discussion of the role of histopathology in assessing placental lesions.

Main Results:

Placental weight change is an inadequate measure of toxicity.
Drug- or chemical-induced placental lesions exhibit diverse histopathological features.
Pathogenesis of placental toxicity is complex and influenced by exposure timing.

Conclusions:

Histopathological evaluation of placental tissue is essential for accurate toxicity assessment.
Detailed placental histopathology aids in understanding teratogenicity and developmental toxicity.
Integrating placental histopathology will enhance reproductive toxicity studies.