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Perception of environmental problems and common mental disorders (CMD).

Kátia Rocha1, Katherine Pérez, Maica Rodríguez-Sanz

  • 1Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona (ASPB), Pl. Lesseps 1, 08023, Barcelona, Spain. krocha@aspb.cat

Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology
|January 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Perceiving neighborhood environmental problems is linked to higher rates of common mental disorders (CMD). This association strengthens with more reported issues, highlighting the need to address environmental factors for mental health improvement.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Mental Health Epidemiology
  • Social Determinants of Health

Background:

  • Growing interest in the link between neighborhood environmental issues and health outcomes.
  • Focus on the association between perceived environmental problems and common mental disorders (CMD).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between perceived environmental problems and the prevalence of CMD in Spain.
  • Investigate how neighborhood environmental perceptions influence mental well-being.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional study using the 2006 Spanish National Health Survey (n=23,760, ages 16-64).
  • Assessed common mental disorders (CMD) using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12).
  • Logistic regression models adjusted for sociodemographic and health-related factors.

Main Results:

  • Individuals reporting environmental problems showed a higher prevalence of CMD.
  • A dose-response relationship was observed: CMD prevalence increased with the number of reported environmental problems.
  • Adjusted analysis confirmed a significant association between environmental problems and CMD (OR 1.44 for men, 1.46 for women).
  • Key environmental issues linked to CMD included noise, bad smell, air pollution, and lack of green areas.

Conclusions:

  • Perceived neighborhood environmental problems are associated with a higher prevalence of CMD, even after controlling for covariates.
  • The gradient of CMD prevalence increases with the number of environmental problems reported.
  • Interventions to reduce CMD should consider both individual and contextual environmental risk factors.