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A forward-imaging needle-type OCT probe for image guided stereotactic procedures.

Chia-Pin Liang¹, Jeremiah Wierwille, Thais Moreira

¹Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.

|January 26, 2012

Summary

A new needle-type optical coherence tomography (OCT) probe with Doppler OCT (DOCT) capability offers real-time imaging for neurosurgery. This technology helps surgeons avoid blood vessels and improves navigation accuracy, reducing hemorrhage risks.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Medical Imaging
Neurosurgery

Background:

Stereotactic neurosurgery faces challenges with probe navigation, including vessel laceration and brain shift due to cerebrospinal fluid leakage.
Current methods lack real-time imaging feedback, increasing complication risks during brain procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate a forward-imaging needle-type optical coherence tomography (OCT) probe with Doppler OCT (DOCT) capability.
To provide real-time imaging for enhanced safety and accuracy in stereotactic neurosurgery.

Main Methods:

A 740 microm O.D. forward-imaging OCT probe utilizing a gradient-index (GRIN) rod lens was developed.
Dual imaging modes were employed: OCT/DOCT at 8 frames/s for vessel avoidance and OCT-only at 100 frames/s for high-resolution guidance.
Doppler OCT (DOCT) was used for blood flow detection, and ex vivo human brain tissue was used to assess probe localization via micro-anatomical landmarks.

Main Results:

The probe achieved 12 microm axial resolution and real-time imaging feedback.
Doppler OCT demonstrated high sensitivity in detecting and quantifying blood flow in sheep brain parenchyma.
The system successfully differentiated vessel types in rat femoral vessels and enabled probe tip localization in human brain tissue.

Conclusions:

The developed OCT/DOCT probe offers real-time imaging guidance for stereotactic neurosurgery.
This technology has the potential to significantly reduce the risk of cerebral hemorrhage during brain interventions.
OCT guidance enhances precision and safety in neurosurgical procedures.