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Updated: May 25, 2026

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
Published on: March 20, 2017
Effect of fog on free-space optical links employing imaging receivers
Reza Nasiri Mahalati1, Joseph M Kahn
1Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. rnasiri@stanford.edu
Abstract:
We analyze free-space optical links employing imaging receivers in the presence of misalignment and atmospheric effects, such as haze, fog or rain. We present a detailed propagation model based on the radiative transfer equation. We also compare the relative importance of two mechanisms by which these effects degrade link performance: signal attenuation and image blooming. We show that image blooming dominates over attenuation, except under medium-to-heavy fog conditions.
