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Related Concept Videos

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints01:07

Development of the Limb Synovial Joints

Joints form during embryonic development in conjunction with the formation and growth of the associated bones. The embryonic tissue that gives rise to all bones, cartilage, and connective tissues of the body is called mesenchyme.
The mesenchymal stem cells differentiate into chondrocytes that form the hyaline cartilage, and later the cartilaginous model of the bone. This model further transforms into a bone. This process is known as endochondral ossification.
During development, the limbs...
Stability of structures01:14

Stability of structures

In mechanical engineering, the stability of systems under various forces is critical for designing durable and efficient structures. One fundamental way to explore these concepts is by analyzing systems like two rods connected at a pivot point, O, with a torsional spring of spring constant k at the pivot point. This system is similar in appearance to a scissor jack used to change tires on a car. In this case, the arms of the linkage (equivalent to the rods in this system) are entirely vertical,...
Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the neck...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula01:10

Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula

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Structural Joints: Synovial Joints01:16

Structural Joints: Synovial Joints

Synovial joints are the most common type of joint in the body. A key structural characteristic for a synovial joint is the presence of a joint cavity. This fluid-filled space is where the articulating surfaces of the bones contact each other. Also, unlike fibrous or cartilaginous joints, the articulating bone surfaces at a synovial joint are not directly connected to each other with fibrous connective tissue or cartilage. This gives the bones of a synovial joint the ability to move smoothly...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Adjustable Stiffness, External Fixator for the Rat Femur Osteotomy and Segmental Bone Defect Models
10:09

Adjustable Stiffness, External Fixator for the Rat Femur Osteotomy and Segmental Bone Defect Models

Published on: October 9, 2014

Variable Stiffness Structure for limb attachment.

Maxime Bureau1, Thierry Keller, Joel Perry

  • 1Health Division – Health Technologies Unit, Tecnalia Research and Innovation, Paseo Mikeletegi 1, 20009 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.

IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [Proceedings]
|January 26, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel Variable Stiffness Structure (VSS) improves robotic rehabilitation device attachment. This material technology enhances fitting, comfort, accuracy, usability, and safety for users undergoing rehabilitation.

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Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion
09:32

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

Published on: April 11, 2018

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Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Adjustable Stiffness, External Fixator for the Rat Femur Osteotomy and Segmental Bone Defect Models
10:09

Adjustable Stiffness, External Fixator for the Rat Femur Osteotomy and Segmental Bone Defect Models

Published on: October 9, 2014

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion
09:32

Subject-specific Musculoskeletal Model for Studying Bone Strain During Dynamic Motion

Published on: April 11, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Robotics

Background:

  • Attachment of robotic devices to limbs is critical for effective robotic rehabilitation.
  • Current methods face challenges in ensuring good fitting, comfort, accuracy, usability, and safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a new technological concept, the Variable Stiffness Structure (VSS).
  • To enhance the connection between robotic devices and users' limbs in rehabilitation settings.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a novel material compound capable of changing stiffness.
  • Application of negative pressure to transition the material from a flexible to a rigid state.
  • Experimental investigation of the material's basic behavior.

Main Results:

  • The Variable Stiffness Structure demonstrates a transition from a textile-like flexible state to a rigid state.
  • This material property offers potential improvements in device-to-limb attachment.

Conclusions:

  • The Variable Stiffness Structure presents a promising technological advancement for robotic rehabilitation.
  • This innovation has the potential to significantly improve the quality of robotic rehabilitation devices.