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Related Concept Videos

Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction01:27

Degenerative Disc Disease I: Introduction

Degenerative disc disease is a chronic condition in which intervertebral discs gradually lose structure and function. It is not infectious or autoimmune; rather, it results from age-related biochemical and mechanical changes, influenced by genetic, metabolic, and environmental factors.Structure and Function of DiscsThe spine contains 23 intervertebral discs that absorb load, distribute forces, maintain spacing, and allow flexibility. Each disc consists of a nucleus pulposus, a gel-like core...
Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology01:23

Degenerative Disc Disease ll: Pathophysiology

The symptoms of degenerative disc disease arise from a combination of mechanical compression, vascular compromise, and biochemical inflammation, which together disrupt nerve function and produce pain.Mechanical CompressionDisc degeneration reduces height and elasticity, predisposing to herniation of the nucleus pulposus, a major cause of radicular pain. Herniations may be protrusion (bulging with intact annulus), extrusion (nucleus extends beyond disc but remains connected), or sequestration...
Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction01:29

Herniated Intervertebral Disc l: Introduction

Intervertebral disc herniation refers to the displacement of the nucleus pulposus (the gel-like inner core of the disc) through a tear or weakened area in the annulus fibrosus (the outer fibrous ring). The displaced disc material extends beyond the normal boundaries of the disc space and may compress or irritate nearby spinal nerve roots or, less commonly, the spinal cord.Etiology and Risk FactorsHerniation commonly results from degeneration, in which aging reduces disc hydration and...
Ultrasonography01:17

Ultrasonography

Ultrasonography is an imaging technique that uses high-frequency sound waves to visualize the body's internal structures. It is a non-invasive and safe procedure that does not involve the use of ionizing radiation, making it widely used in various medical fields. Ultrasonography is used to study heart function, blood flow in the neck or extremities, certain conditions such as gallbladder disease, and fetal growth and development.
During an ultrasonography procedure, a handheld device called a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Surgical Technique for the Implantation of a Biomimetic Artificial Intervertebral Disc in a Goat Animal Model
07:06

Surgical Technique for the Implantation of a Biomimetic Artificial Intervertebral Disc in a Goat Animal Model

Published on: October 10, 2025

Imaging of intervertebral disc prostheses.

N Amoretti1, A Iannessi, V Lesbats

  • 1Service d'imagerie médicale, hôpital l'Archet 2, CHU de Nice, route Saint-Antoine-Ginestière, Nice, France.

Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging
|January 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Disc arthroplasty replaces painful discs, preserving spinal mobility unlike fusion. Radiologists guide surgical success by identifying contraindications and assessing risks, ensuring optimal patient outcomes.

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Optical Sectioning and Visualization of the Intervertebral Disc from Embryonic Development to Degeneration
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Published on: July 8, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Spinal Surgery
  • Radiology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Disc arthroplasty offers an alternative to spinal fusion by replacing pathological intervertebral discs.
  • A key advantage is the preservation of vertebral mobility at the treated spinal segment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the critical role of radiological assessment in the success of disc arthroplasty.
  • To outline the radiologist's responsibilities in pre-operative evaluation, surgical planning, and post-operative monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Radiographic evaluation to identify indications and contraindications for disc arthroplasty.
  • CT angiography for assessing vascular complication risks associated with anterior approaches.
  • Dynamic X-ray imaging for post-operative assessment of implant positioning and spinal mobility.

Main Results:

  • Radiological assessment is crucial for selecting appropriate candidates, particularly by identifying facet arthritis which favors arthrodesis.
  • Pre-operative imaging aids in planning the anterior surgical approach and mitigating vascular risks.
  • Post-operative imaging confirms implant placement, restored mobility, and allows for long-term monitoring of prosthesis-related complications and adjacent segment degeneration.

Conclusions:

  • The success of disc arthroplasty hinges on precise radiological evaluation and patient selection.
  • Radiology is indispensable for surgical planning, risk assessment, and long-term surveillance of disc replacement outcomes.
  • Early detection of complications and wear through radiological monitoring is vital for maintaining functional results.