Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 25, 2026
Novel Apparatus and Method for Drug Reinforcement
Published on: August 20, 2010
Between-session progressive ratio performance in rats responding for cocaine and water reinforcers
Amy M Gancarz1, Michael A Kausch, David R Lloyd
1Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo, 1021 Main St, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA. agancarz@ria.buffalo.edu
Rationale:
A between-session progressive ratio (BtwPR) procedure was tested in rats responding for cocaine and water reinforcers.
Objectives:
Experiment 1 evaluated the sensitivity of the BtwPR procedure to the magnitude of cocaine and water reinforcers. Experiment 2 compared BtwPR performance to within-session progressive ratio (WinPR) performance.
Methods:
In experiment 1, rats were tested on a BtwPR procedure with three doses of cocaine (0.1, 0.3, and 1.0 mg/kg/inf) or volumes of water (0.01, 0.03, and 0.1 mL/reinforcer). BtwPR test sessions began with a seeking phase, during which the animal is required to complete a fixed ratio in order to initiate a 2-h consumption phase, where the reinforcer was available according to a fixed ratio 1 (FR1) schedule. Failure to complete the seeking ratio, which was increased after each test session, determined the breakpoint (BP). In experiment 2, the same BtwPR procedure was used except that the consumption phase was a WinPR schedule of reinforcement for cocaine (1.0 mg/kg/inf) or water (0.1 mL) reinforcers.
Results And Conclusions:
BtwPR BPs increased as a function of the magnitude of both cocaine and water reinforcers. The BtwPR produced smaller BPs than the WinPR for cocaine reinforcers. In contrast, the BtwPR produced larger BPs than the WinPR for water reinforcers. One possible explanation is that priming and response activating effects of the cocaine reinforcer increased the WinPR BP. BtwPR and WinPR procedures may measure different aspects of drug-seeking.
