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Related Concept Videos

Riboswitches01:56

Riboswitches

Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches01:23

Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches

Riboswitches are RNA elements that regulate gene expression by altering their secondary structures in response to specific effector molecules. These elements, located in the leader regions of certain mRNAs, act as transcriptional regulators by toggling between alternative conformations to control downstream gene expression. Riboswitch-mediated regulation is a precise mechanism for modulating biosynthetic pathways, as exemplified by the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway in Bacillus...
Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Inducible Operons: lac Operon01:25

Inducible Operons: lac Operon

The lac operon in Escherichia coli is a model for understanding inducible gene regulation and metabolic flexibility. It integrates local control by lactose and global regulation through catabolite repression, enabling E. coli to preferentially metabolize glucose when available and switch to lactose utilization when glucose is scarce.Structure and Function of the lac OperonThe lac operon contains three structural genes: lacZ (β-galactosidase), lacY (lactose permease), and lacA (thiogalactoside...
Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...

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Inducible T7 RNA Polymerase-mediated Multigene Expression System, pMGX
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A riboswitch-based inducible gene expression system for mycobacteria.

Jessica C Seeliger1, Shana Topp, Kimberly M Sogi

  • 1Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America.

Plos One
|January 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a novel synthetic riboswitch system for precise control over gene expression in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). This tool enables reversible protein regulation and gene knockdown without auxiliary proteins, advancing Mtb research.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Synthetic Biology

Background:

  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) research requires advanced tools for controlled gene expression.
  • Existing gene regulation systems in Mtb often necessitate co-expression of accessory proteins, limiting their utility.
  • Novel synthetic systems are needed to overcome these limitations for effective Mtb research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize and apply a novel synthetic riboswitch-based system for regulated gene expression in Mtb.
  • To demonstrate the system's ability to reversibly control gene expression, including protein overexpression and gene knockdown.
  • To evaluate the system's efficacy within a macrophage infection model.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a synthetic riboswitch system integrating a mycobacterial promoter and a riboswitch.
  • Application of the system for inducible and repressible heterologous protein overexpression.
  • Utilizing the system for conditional gene knockdown in Mtb.
  • Testing the system's performance in a macrophage infection model.

Main Results:

  • The synthetic riboswitch system demonstrated reversible control over gene expression in Mtb.
  • The system successfully induced and repressed heterologous protein overexpression.
  • Conditional gene knockdown was achieved using the riboswitch platform.
  • Effective gene expression control was observed within a macrophage infection model.

Conclusions:

  • The developed inducible riboswitch platform offers a powerful, self-contained strategy for customized gene regulation in Mtb.
  • This system eliminates the need for accessory proteins, simplifying gene expression control.
  • The platform has broad potential for advancing research on the human pathogen Mtb.