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The dung beetle dance: an orientation behaviour?

Emily Baird1, Marcus J Byrne, Jochen Smolka

  • 1Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. Emily.Baird@biol.lu.se

Plos One
|January 27, 2012
PubMed
Summary
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Dung beetles perform a "dance" before rolling dung balls to maintain a straight path. This visually guided behavior helps them re-establish their direction after disturbances, crucial for avoiding competition.

Area of Science:

  • Animal Behavior
  • Insect Navigation
  • Sensory Ecology

Background:

  • Dung beetles roll dung balls in straight lines to escape competition.
  • A characteristic
  • dance
  • precedes and accompanies this rolling behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate the function of the dung beetle dance.
  • Determine the triggers for dance behavior in Scarabaeus (Kheper) nigroaeneus.

Main Methods:

  • Observed dung beetle (Scarabaeus (Kheper) nigroaeneus) behavior.
  • Manipulated ball control, course deviations, and visual cues to elicit dances.

Main Results:

  • Dances are triggered by loss of ball control or contact.

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  • Both active and passive course deviations, and visual cue changes, elicit dances.
  • Dances occur when beetles deviate from their intended straight-line path.
  • Conclusions:

    • The dung beetle dance is a visually mediated mechanism for maintaining straight-line orientation.
    • The dance helps beetles establish and re-establish their rolling bearing after disturbances.