Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
The Cochlea01:13

The Cochlea

The cochlea is a coiled structure in the inner ear that contains hair cells—the sensory receptors of the auditory system. Sound waves are transmitted to the cochlea by small bones attached to the eardrum called the ossicles, which vibrate the oval window that leads to the inner ear. This causes fluid in the chambers of the cochlea to move, vibrating the basilar membrane.
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking the...
Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
Interference: Path Lengths01:10

Interference: Path Lengths

Consider two sources of sound, that may or may not be in phase, emitting waves at a single frequency, and consider the frequencies to be the same.
Two special sources may be considered when they are in phase. This can be easily achieved by feeding the two sources from the same source. An example would be synchronizing the two speakers by feeding them with the same source, such as the sound waves produced by a tuning fork. This setup ensures that the two sources have the same frequency and are...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Localization of Free-Field Sound Sources in the Chronic Phase of Mild Ischemic Stroke.

Trends in hearing·2026
Same author

Effect of Avatar Head Movements on Communication Behavior and Subjective Evaluations of Presence and Success in Triadic Conversations.

Trends in hearing·2026
Same author

Towards model-based characterization of individual electrically stimulated nerve fibers.

PLoS computational biology·2026
Same author

A physics-based low-order filter approximation for scattering from a rigid sphere.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same author

Perceptual measures of normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners across defined virtual acoustic scenes.

International journal of audiology·2026
Same author

Unaided and Aided Speech Intelligibility in a Real and Virtual Acoustic Environment.

Trends in hearing·2025
Same journal

High-resolution depth estimation for multiple wideband sources in deep sea via sparse Bayesian learninga).

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

Depression markers in speech: An approach based on tract variables dynamics.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

The oyster toadfish (Opsanus tau) alters active and diurnal calling amid vessel noise in New York City.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

Experimental noise characterisation of phase-locked tandem-rotor in edgewise flight.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

The tune-text-temporal synergy: Prosodic effects of final segmental weakening in Neapolitan.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

Monitoring vessel movement above critical offshore infrastructure using distributed acoustic sensing.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice
07:03

Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice

Published on: July 31, 2019

Lateralization based on interaural differences in the second-order amplitude modulator.

Mathias Dietz1, Stephan D Ewert, Volker Hohmann

  • 1Medizinische Physik, Universität Oldenburg, 26111 Oldenburg, Germany. mathias.dietz@uni-oldenburg.de

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|January 28, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Second-order amplitude modulation (SAM) processing in the auditory system was investigated. Results show that demodulation of interaurally time-delayed signals is necessary for sound source lateralization.

More Related Videos

Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention
05:36

Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention

Published on: November 16, 2017

Assessment of Cerebral Lateralization in Children using Functional Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (fTCD)
07:44

Assessment of Cerebral Lateralization in Children using Functional Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (fTCD)

Published on: September 27, 2010

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice
07:03

Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice

Published on: July 31, 2019

Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention
05:36

Central and Divided Visual Field Presentation of Emotional Images to Measure Hemispheric Differences in Motivated Attention

Published on: November 16, 2017

Assessment of Cerebral Lateralization in Children using Functional Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (fTCD)
07:44

Assessment of Cerebral Lateralization in Children using Functional Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (fTCD)

Published on: September 27, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Auditory Neuroscience
  • Psychoacoustics
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Second-order amplitude modulation (SAM) involves slow variations in the depth of a higher-frequency first-order modulation.
  • Unlike first-order modulation, second-order modulation is not always demodulated by the auditory periphery.
  • The role of interaural time differences (ITDs) in second-order modulation for sound localization remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether ITDs in second-order modulation lead to a lateralized percept.
  • To determine if demodulation of interaurally delayed components is a prerequisite for auditory lateralization.
  • To explore temporal modulation processing in binaural interaction models.

Main Methods:

  • Psychoacoustic experiments using 25 Hz sinusoidally amplitude-modulated (SAM) 160 Hz tones.
  • Stimuli were processed via two methods: transposed SAM (TSAM) and SAM with offset (SAMAM).
  • Participants judged the lateralization of TSAM and SAMAM stimuli based on ITDs in the 25 Hz modulation component.

Main Results:

  • Subjects could lateralize TSAM stimuli, where the 25 Hz component is demodulated after peripheral processing.
  • Subjects were unable to lateralize SAMAM stimuli, where the 25 Hz component is not demodulated.
  • This asymmetry supports the hypothesis that peripheral demodulation is crucial for lateralization.

Conclusions:

  • Demodulation of interaurally time-delayed signals is a prerequisite for auditory lateralization.
  • Findings have implications for understanding temporal modulation processing in binaural hearing.
  • The study provides evidence for the necessity of peripheral auditory processing in enabling sound source localization based on interaural temporal cues.